BAKER HUGHES - Drilling Fluids Reference Manual

RESERVOIR APPLICATION FLUIDS
Formulas
• Salt (lb m /bbl water) = Volume increase factor × KCl (lb m /bbl)
• Specific Gravity = 1.00056 + 1.22832 (10 -6 )(Cl – , mg/L)
• Volume Increase Factor = 1 + (2.775 × 10 -7 )(Cl – ) 1.105
1
Percent
Weight
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
24.0
25.0
26.0
2
Specific
Gravity
1.007
1.014
1.021
1.029
1.036
1.043
1.050
1.058
1.065
1.073
1.080
1.088
1.095
1.103
1.111
1.118
1.126
1.134
1.142
1.150
1.158
1.166
1.174
1.183
1.191
1.199
3
Density
(lb m /gal)
8.40
8.46
8.52
8.58
8.65
8.70
8.76
8.83
8.89
8.95
9.01
9.08
9.14
9.20
9.27
9.33
9.40
9.46
9.53
9.60
9.66
9.73
9.80
9.87
9.94
10.01
4
NaCl 2
(lbm/bbl)
3.5
7.1
10.7
14.4
18.2
21.9
25.8
29.7
33.6
37.6
41.6
45.7
49.9
54.1
58.4
62.7
67.1
71.5
76.0
80.6
85.2
89.9
94.6
99.5
104.4
109.3
5
H 2 O
(gal/bbl)
41.87
41.75
41.63
41.46
41.34
41.18
41.02
40.86
40.70
40.54
40.38
40.19
40.00
39.85
39.66
39.44
39.25
39.03
38.85
38.64
38.43
38.22
37.97
37.74
37.50
37.27
6
NaCl
(mg/L)
10070
20286
30630
41144
51800
62586
73500
84624
95850
107260
118800
130512
142350
154392
166650
178912
191420
204102
216980
229960
243180
256520
270020
283800
297750
311818
7
Chlorides
(mg/L)
6108
12305
18580
24957
31421
37963
44584
51331
58141
65062
72062
79166
86347
93651
101087
108524
116112
123804
131616
139489
147508
155600
163789
172147
180609
189143
8
Volume a
Increase
Factor
1.003
1.006
1.009
1.013
1.016
1.020
1.024
1.028
1.032
1.036
1.040
1.045
1.050
1.054
1.059
1.065
1.070
1.076
1.081
1.087
1.093
1.099
1.106
1.113
1.120
1.127
9
Crystallization
Point ( o F)
31.0
30.0
28.8
27.7
26.5
25.3
24.1
22.9
21.5
20.2
18.8
17.3
15.7
14.1
12.4
10.6
8.7
6.7
4.6
2.4
0.0
2.5
5.2
+1.4
+15.0
+25.0
10
Aw
0.996
0.989
0.983
0.976
0.970
0.964
0.957
0.950
0.943
0.935
0.927
0.919
0.910
0.901
0.892
0.882
0.872
0.861
0.850
0.839
0.827
0.815
0.802
0.788
0.774
0.759
Table 6 - 12
Physical Properties of Sodium Chloride Brines @20 0 C
a. There is minimal water in sacked NaCl, therefore, the volume increase from retort and sack
additions
Metric Conversions
• NaCl (g/L) = NaCl (lb m /bbl) × 2.85714
• H 2 0 (mL/L) = H 2 0 (gal/bbl) × 23.8086
• NaCl (ppm) = % wt × 10,000
• Cl - (mg/L) = NaCl (mg/L) × 0.6066
• NaCl (mg/L) = Cl - (mg/L) × 1.65
• mg/L = ppm × specific gravity
BAKER HUGHES DRILLING FLUIDS
REFERENCE MANUAL
REVISION 2006 6-53