BAKER HUGHES - Drilling Fluids Reference Manual

RESERVOIR APPLICATION FLUIDS
temperatures and pressures. OMNIFLOW ® DIF is formulated to maximize low shear-rate
viscosity, an essential requirement for optimal hole cleaning.
System Components
The following products are utilized in the OMNIFLOW ® DIF system.
Component
External Phase
Product
Synthetic or Mineral Oil
Brine Phase Brine (usually CaCl 2 )
Viscosifier
Emulsifier
Addition Filtration Control
Bridging Agent
Weighting Agent
Table 6 - 4
CARBO-GEL
OMNI-MUL
DFE-433
MIL-CARB
MIL-BAR
OMNIFLOW DIF Products
OMNI-MUL ® is an emulsifier specially selected for the system. A concentration of 1 gal/bbl
(23.81 L/m 3 ) of this product provides sufficient emulsification and aids in filtration control while
not contributing significantly to formation damage. The concentration of OMNI-MUL ® may have
to be increased in formulating fluids for high temperature/high density applications.
DFE-433: Generally, at temperatures below 250°F (121°C) no filtration control agents are required
as the system has inherently low filtration values due to the emulsifier and bridging agent
combination. However, at higher temperatures, especially approaching 300°F, the addition of DFE-
433 may be required to control filtration to within acceptable levels. Laboratory tests show that
DFE-433 has marginal effect on the lift-off pressures and return permeability results.
CARBO-GEL ® is the recommended viscosifier for the OMNIFLOW ® DIF system.
Concentrations of up to 8.0 ppb (22.9 Kg/m3) have been laboratory tested and no adverse effects
on lift-off pressures or return permeability results have been noted.
MIL-CARB ® : A concentration of 50ppb (143 Kg/m 3 ) of MIL-CARB ® should be maintained in
the system for effective bridging.
Continuous Phase (Base Oil) : OMNIFLOW ® DIF may be formulated with any type of synthetic
or mineral oil or diesel. The choice of oil makes no difference to the lift-off pressures and return
permeability results.
Salinity of Brine Phase
Any salinity may be used in formulating OMNIFLOW ® DIF. The level of salinity in the system
should be chosen in the normal way for invert emulsion fluids. If required, the salinity of the brine
phase may be increased to allow a reduction in barite concentration. Care should be taken not to
increase salinity to a concentration greater than saturation, particularly for CaCl 2 brine.
BAKER HUGHES DRILLING FLUIDS
REFERENCE MANUAL
REVISION 2006 6-37