BAKER HUGHES - Drilling Fluids Reference Manual

BOREHOLE PROBLEMS
1 Density,
lbm/gal
FW,
bbl
Water or Oil SOLU-SQUEEZ MIL-BAR ®
SSW,
bbl
Oil,
bbl
FW,
lbs
SSW,
lbs
Oil,
lbs
FW,
lbs
SSW,
lbs
10.0 0.90 - 0.876 85.2 - 85.2 60 - 115
12.0 0.83 0.88 0.805 71.6 83 71.6 180 90 230
14.0 0.76 0.81 0.735 58.6 71 58.6 290 220 342
16.0 0.69 0.74 0.666 47.8 59 47.8 400 340 454
18.0 0.62 0.66 0.596 36.8 46 36.8 520 460 564
Table 7 - 2 Formula For Preparing One Barrel SOLU-SQUEEZE Weighted Slurry with
Fresh Water, Saturated Salt Water (SSW), or Oil
Note 1: Depending on rig mixing equipment minor modifications to the formulation may be required. At mud weights below 12
lbm/gal, viscosity can be increased with small amounts of XAN-PLEX D. At higher mud weights, viscosity can be reduced with water
dilution if necessary. Pilot test for optimum results.
Note 2: At mud weights above 14 lbm/gal, depending upon rig mixing equipment, small amounts of OMNI-COTE may needed to help
oil wet the SOLU-SQUEEZ pill. Always pilot test as over - treatment with OMNI-COTE can cause barite settling. At low mud
weights, small additions of CARBO-GEL can be added if viscosity is too low.
Severe (or Total) Loss of Returns
Severe or Total drilling fluid loss (>100 bbl/hr WBM or, >30 bbl/hr OBM) may occur as a
result of a faulty cement job around the casing shoe, induced or natural fractures, or coarsely
permeable zones such as gravel or reef structures. Total loss may be cured with cement (neat or
bentonite cement for 14.5 to 15.5 lb m /gal slurries and gilsonite cement for slurries with densities
below 14.5 lb m /gal).
Four basic squeeze slurries designed for the most severe or total loss of returns are: (1) Diesel Oil
Bentonite Cement, (2) Water Organophilic Clay Plug, (3) MAGNE-SET ® , and (3) X-LINK.
Details of each squeeze follows:
Loss to faulty cement jobs can best be remedied by squeeze cementing. However, in some cases
(such as inability to pull out of hole for squeeze tool due to kicking formation), it may be
necessary to utilize a squeeze slurry. Loss to induced fractures (hydrostatic head of fluid column
exceeds fracture gradient) may best be remedied by the use of soft plugs, diesel oil-bentonitecement
squeezes, or diesel oil-bentonite squeezes. Diesel oil-bentonite-cement squeezes are
prepared by adding 2 sacks of cement and 2 sacks of MILGEL ® for each barrel of diesel. Final
volume of this mixture is 1.39 bbl. When this slurry is spotted and enters the thief zone, it comes
in contact with the water-base fluid which causes the bentonite to hydrate forming a plastic plug.
DIESEL OIL BENTONITE CEMENT SQUEEZE
Procedure for mixing and spotting diesel-bentonite squeeze slurry is as follows.
2 Oil,
lbs
1. Pull out of hole and locate loss zone with temperature or radioactive survey. Run in hole openended
to top of loss zone.
BAKER HUGHES DRILLING FLUIDS
REFERENCE MANUAL
REVISION 2006 7-26