BAKER HUGHES - Drilling Fluids Reference Manual

RESERVOIR APPLICATION FLUIDS
Water / Brine
0.87 - 0.90 bbl
W-306 / W-307 2.0 - 2.5 gal/bbl
MIL-CARB TM
X-CIDE ® 102
KCl
50 lbs/bbl
0.01 - 0.015 gal/bbl
1% - 3% (optional)
Product selection of W-306 or W-307 is dependent on the density of the mix water that will be
used. In freshwater, KCl, or sodium chloride brines, either the W-306 or W-307 can be used. Once
selection of a specific product (W-306 or W-307) has been made, do not mix the two products
together in the same system as they will not perform up to specification.
In higher brine weights, (above 10.0 ppg NaCl), W-306 is the product of choice. When
mixing W-306 in heavy brines (above 11.0 ppg CaCl 2 ), it is recommended to use some type of
shearing device that would also increase the temperature of the mix water to the range of 140°F to
150°F.
As noted in the above formulation, KCl additions are optional. KCl additions are recommended for
additional inhibition should shale stringers be encountered while drilling the production zone. Also,
if time is available, the W-306 and W-307 products should be allowed to disperse in the mix
water/brine for 1 to 2 hours before the additions of MIL-CARB TM are made.
The following mixing order is recommended if PERFFLOW DIF is used:
Water / Brine
PERFFLOW®
X-CIDE® 102
Magnesium Oxide
KCl
0.94 bbl
55 lbs/bbl
0.01 - 0.015 gals/bbl
3 lbs/bbl
1% - 3% (optional)
The PERFFLOW DIF product can be mixed in all ranges of brines. When using divalent salts
such as CaCl 2 , it is recommended to use 3 lbs/bbl of Magnesium Oxide as a pH buffer. Once all the
PERFFLOW DIF has been mixed, and should additional viscosity be required, small additions of
W-306 can be added to the system. Prior to these additions, pilot testing should be performed to
determine the exact quantity needed.
If displacement volumes are to be mixed on location, care should be taken when mixing the initial
volume. Small batch mixes are recommended at first in order to prevent any calcium carbonate
from settling out of the system versus trying to mix large volumes of fluid in a poorly agitated fluid
tank. Should time constraints prohibit mixing small amounts of fluid, consideration should be given
to adding a small quantity ( 1 / 8 to 1 / 4 lb/bbl) of XANVIS ® , BIOZAN ® , or XC POLYMER to the mix
water before the PERFFLOW additions are initiated in order to prevent any calcium carbonate from
settling out of the system.
BAKER HUGHES DRILLING FLUIDS
REFERENCE MANUAL
REVISION 2006 6-27