CLINICAL LAB SCIENEC

146
ESSENTIALS OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE
Education and Training Required for Faculty and Students
Education and training for faculty and students are required to enable them to
protect themselves in a medical environment where highly contagious patients
may be treated. This education and training are to be relevant to the areas in which
these persons will be working. Students may be required to purchase some supplies
and equipment. Supplies and equipment will be furnished to instructors at the
expense of the educational institution and will be specified in program outlines.
1. Each medical worker, instructor, and student is to receive education and
training relative to TB as part of the bloodborne and airborne pathogens
section of instruction, as required by law. Medical workers should receive
training and education during their orientation to medical facilities as well
as through annual updates . Instructors should receive annual refresher
training throughout their tenure. The educational facility’s infection control
coordinator is responsible for monitoring and evaluating effectiveness of
the education and training process, ensuring that appropriate documentation
has been achieved.
2. Training should be documented as specified in the institute’s exposure control
plan. This plan is written to include guidelines from OSHA, the National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the CDC , as
well as any other state or federal governmental entity that has input into the
process. Each student will have the appropriate documentation relative to
compliance with the training needs as outlined by the institutional committees,
accreditation officials, or statutory bodies.
Training and Education Elements
Training to prevent contracting TB requires that certain standards be met. This
is accomplished most practically with a formal class, in which both didactic
presentations and laboratory exercises are included, which emphasizes the need
for information and practical application of measures designed to prevent the
contraction of TB. Minimum educational requirements designed for effective
training and education of the health care worker for bloodborne and airborne
pathogens will include the diagnostic information shown in Table 6-3.
Table 6-3 Characteristics of Tuberculosis
Modes of transmission
Pathogenesis
Diagnosis and
assessment of TB
The mode is the method by which a disease is passed on to another. The
mode may be mechanical through equipment or person-to-person.
This term refers to where and how the development of a disease progressed
from its inception.
Skin tests (tuberculin) should be read after 48 hours. The body reacts to the
antigen (organism) causing the disease by forming a raised and discolored
lump at the site of injection. This reaction indicates that the body has been
exposed to and has made antibodies against the TB organism (remember
that BCG may give false-positive results). Positive PPD tests require a
radiograph of the chest to determine the condition of the patient.
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