CLINICAL LAB SCIENEC

INDEX 475
in total protein, 369
Plastic, glassware vs., cleanliness and
use of, 187–188, 188f
POCT. See Point-of-care testing
(POCT)
Point-of-care testing (POCT), 15, 48
costs related to, medical service
costs impacted by, 169–170,
170f, 170t, 171f
elements of, 170, 170t
regulation of, 170, 170t
sites of, 170, 170f, 171f
POLs. See Physicians’ office laboratories
(POLs)
Population norms, defined, 235t
Postanalytical error, 259
defined, 235t
Postexposure considerations, in
bloodborne- and airborne
pathogen–related infection
prevention, 151–152
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), 127
Postzone reaction, 403
Potential exposure
assessment of, 128–129, 129f
described, 126–127
Power cords, hazards related to,
92–93, 93f
PPD (TB skin test), 140, 141f
first-time positive reaction to,
144–145
PPE. See Personal protective equipment
(PPE)
PPMP, 22t
PPO (preferred provider option), 72,
158, 160
Preanalytical error, 258, 366
defined, 235t
Precision
accuracy vs., 246, 246f
comparison, 248–250, 249t
defined, 236
Predictability values, calculation of,
250
Predictive value, 249–250
Predisposition, genetic, advances in,
15
Preexposure, infection prevention
and, 129
Preexposure precautions, in
bloodborne- and airborne
pathogen–related infection
prevention, 150–151
Preexposure records, storage and
maintenance of, 131
Preferred provider option (PPO), 72,
158, 160
Prefix(es), 210t, 211
Primary cause, defined, 103
Privacy, medical law and, relationship
between, 69–71, 69f
Probe(s), gene, 390
Professional societies, 66
Professionalism
defined, 65
ethics and, relationship between,
65–66
formal statements of, 65–66
Proficiency programs,
defined, 235t
Prophylaxis, defined, 138
Protective laboratory clothing, as
barrier against contamination,
122f–125f, 124–126
Protein(s)
C-reactive, in serum, determination
of, 407–410. See also
C-reactive protein, in serum,
determination of
total, determination of, 368–372,
369f, 370f. See also Total
protein, determination of
in urine, measurement of,
313–319
confirmatory semiquantitative
test for, 313–316, 314f. See
also Urinalysis, procedures
for, confirmatory semiquantitative
test for total protein
in urine
Prothrombin, 329
Prothrombin time (PT), 81
manual, determination of,
360–362, 361f
equipment and supplies, 360
principles, 360
procedure, 360–361, 361f
reporting of results, 361–362
Protozoan cells, 305f
Prozone reaction, 403
PSB. See Psychological Services
Bureau (PSB)
Psychological Services Bureau (PSB),
13
PT. See Prothrombin time (PT)
Puncture(s), capillary, defined, 266
Pure water, preparation of, methodology
for, 217–218
Q
QA. See Quality assurance (QA)
QC. See Quality control (QC)
QNS. See Quantity not sufficient
(QNS)
Quality assurance (QA), 231–263
accuracy in, 250–253, 251f
CLIA on, 232
clinical vs. statistical significance
in, 260
clinically consistent, 260
CUSUM, 241–242
described, 232
efficiency in, 261
erroneous samples and, 256–258
errors related to, 258–259
introduction to, 232–233
in medical laboratory, 232
normal reference ranges in,
253–256
patient testing in, acceptability of,
243–244
personnel qualifications for,
232–233
in phlebotomy, 267–268, 269f
POLs on, 232
proficiency testing in, 232–233
programs for, 233–236, 235t–
236t. See also Quality assurance
(QA) programs
QC results, analysis of, 247–248
quality improvement in, 233
random error in, 237
reproducibility in, 250–253, 251f
results related to
computer processes and, 261–262
administrative functions and
related personnel tasks, 262
central computer memory, 261
software for mechanical functions
and calculation of
results, 262
specimen management, 262
interpretation of, 259–260
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