CLINICAL LAB SCIENEC

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CONTENTS
Comparison of Precision 248
Predictive Value 249
Calculation of Predictability Values 250
What Is Meant by Reproducibility and Accuracy? 250
Normal Reference Ranges 253
Problems That Occur from the Use of Normal Ranges 255
Erroneous Samples 256
Effects of Position on Laboratory Values 257
Other Factors Affecting Laboratory Values 257
Types and Characteristics of Samples 257
Categories of Errors 258
Preanalytical 258
Analytical 258
Postanalytical 259
Interpretation of Results 259
Determining if Results Are Normal 260
Clinical versus Statistical Signifi cance 259
Clinically Consistent 260
Specificity and Sensitivity 260
Efficiency 261
Reporting of Results 261
Computer Processes within the Clinical Laboratory 261
Central Computer Memory 261
Software for Mechanical Functions and Calculation of Results 262
Administrative Functions and Related Personnel Tasks 262
Specimen Management 262
Summary 262
Review Questions 263
CHAPTER 11 Phlebotomy 265
LEARNING OBJECTIVES 265
KEY TERMS 265
Introduction 265
Exposure to Bloodborne and Airborne Pathogens 266
Phlebotomists 266
Professionalism 266
Quality Assurance in Phlebotomy 267
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