CLINICAL LAB SCIENEC

Procedures for Urinalysis
and Body Fluids
CHAPTER 12
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this chapter, the reader will be able to:
• List the equipment and basic
instrumentation of a urinalysis
department that is not
automated.
• Discuss the differences between
the microscopic and macroscopic
components when performing a
complete evaluation of a urine
sample.
• Relate the reasons for
performing confirmatory tests
when certain screening tests
results are significant.
• Perform the physical and
rapid chemical examinations
within 20% accuracy after
demonstration by instructor or
preceptor.
• Complete the macroscopic,
chemical, and microscopic
examination of urine sediment,
and record the results accurately.
• Ascertain the need for
confirmatory tests for certain
positive chemistry results.
• Perform basic confirmatory tests.
KEY TERMS
Acetest
Acetoacetic acid
Acetone
Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain
Albuminuria
Antispermatic preparations
Bilirubin
Biuret pipette
Caustic
Cerebrospinal fl uid (CSF)
Clinitest
Coagulation
Crenated
Cryptococcus
Dipstick
False positive paradox
Fecal materials
Fiber fragments
Ghost cells
Giardia lamblia
Glomerular permeability
Gram stains
High-power field (HPF)
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Ictotest
India ink prep
Ketoacidosis
Ketones
Leukocyte esterase (leukoesterase)
Leukocytes
Low-power field (LPF)
Macroscopic
Microscopic
Multistix
Necrotic
Nitrites
Parameters
pH
Protozoan
Quantity not sufficient (QNS)
Screening tests
Sodium nitroferricyanide
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Too numerous to count (TNTC)
Trichomonas
TS (total solids) meter
Tubular reabsorption
Turbidity
Urinometer
Urobilinogen
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