CAPITALISM'S ACHILLES HEEL Dirty Money and How to

394 NOTES
Transnational Crime and Corruption Center at American University
in Washington, D.C., under the leadership of Dr. Louise Shelley.
108. Louise Shelley, “The Trade in People in and from the Former Soviet
Union,” Crime, Law & Social Change 40 (2003): 231–249.
109. U.S. Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, Subcommittee on Financial
Management, the Budget, and International Security, Drugs,
Counterfeiting, and Weapons Proliferation: The North Korean Connection,
S. Hrg. 108–157, 108th Cong., 1st sess., May 20, 2003, 2.
110. Ibid., 25.
111. North Korea Advisory Group, report to the Speaker, U.S. House of
Representatives, November 1999, www.fas.org/nuke/guide/dprk
/nkag-report.htm.
112. Ibid.
113. U.S. Senate hearing on Drugs, Counterfeiting, and Weapons Proliferation:
The North Korean Connection, 26.
114. Anna Fifield and Andrew Ward, “Australia Seizes More N Korean
Heroin,” Financial Times, May 28, 2003.
115. U.S. Senate hearing on Drugs, Counterfeiting, and Weapons Proliferation:
The North Korean Connection, 29.
116. Ibid., 16.
117. A Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) was established by
western powers in 1987 and had 33 members as of 2003. The MTCR
seeks to control exports of missiles, guidance systems, and nuclear,
chemical, and biological warheads for rockets with a range of more
than 300 kilometers. Major exporting and importing countries that do
not subscribe to the regime include North Korea, Pakistan, India, Iran,
Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Libya, and others.
118. U.S. House Committee on Government Reform, joint hearing before
the Subcommittee on Technology, Information Policy, Intergovernmental
Relations and the Census and the Subcommittee on
Government Efficiency and Financial Management, Identify, Disrupt
and Dismantle: Coordinating the Government’s Attack on Terrorist Financing,
serial no. 108–140, 108th Cong., 1st sess., December 15,
2003, 70. While Mr. Townsend does not identify North Korea as the
object of these remarks, the context adequately suggests that this is
the case.
119. U.S. Embassy, Seoul, South Korea, “North Korea Financial Institu-