keys to the vascular plants of east texas - Botanical Research ...

524 CYPERACEAE/CAREX
half as long as pistillate scale body; perigynia 4.5–6 mm long, ovatelanceolate,
inflated and loose around the achene ______________________ C. davisii
74. Longest pistillate scales acuminate or with short awns 0–0.5(–2) mm
long, the awns less than half as long as pistillate scale body; perigynia
3.5–4.6 mm long, rhomboid or narrowly elliptic, broadest near the middle
and tapering to both ends, not inflated, close to the achene ___________ C. oxylepis
73. Spikes terminal on flowering culm, the spikes stiff, ascending.
75. Mature perigynia ascending along the rachis, appearing flattened on
the side next to the rachis, the perigynia not appearing inflated _____ C. complanata
75. Mature perigynia squarrose to (ca. 90º), or at least spreading along the
rachis, not flattened on the side next to the rachis, the perigynia inflated.
76. Pistillate scales 3–6 mm long, including awn; achenes 2.1–2.6 mm
long; plants of dry upland prairies and open grassy areas _____________ C. bushii
76. Pistillate scales (2–)2.5–3 mm long, including awn; achenes 1.5–2
mm long; plants most frequently in low wet woods, wooded
swamps, river flood plain forest, or less frequent in open grassy
areas __________________________________________________ C. caroliniana
72. Spikes, at least some, usually the terminal, solely staminate.
77. Lateral spikes arising on flexuous peduncles, drooping, at least the lower
ones.
78. Lateral spikes 2–6 mm wide, solely pistillate; plants tufted _______________ C. debilis
78. Lateral spikes 7–9 mm wide, solely pistillate or at least some androgynous;
plants rhizomatous.
79. Perigynia 5–7 mm long, stramineous, not granular; beak of perigynia
hyaline ______________________________________________ C. cherokeensis
79. Perigynia 3–5(–6) mm long, dark brown to reddish-brown, minutely
granular; beak of perigynia not hyaline.
80. Perigynia 4–5(–6) mm long, with 11–14 conspicuous veins, at
least apically; pistillate scale apex acute to acuminate, tapering
into an awn ______________________________________________ C. joorii
80. Perigynia 3–4.5 mm long, appearing veinless or with 4–5(–8)
inconspicuous veins, except for the conspicuous veins marking
the angles; pistillate scale apex usually emarginate, with an
abruptly arising awn.
81. Lowest pistillate spike drooping; peduncle usually more than
1 cm long; lateral spikes frequently androgynous; plants maturing
summer to early fall (rarely spring) ______________ C. glaucescens
81. Lowest pistillate spike erect; peduncle 1 cm long or less; lateral
spikes frequently solely pistillate; plants maturing spring,
some individual plants maturing in summer or rarely early
fall ______________________________________________ C. verrucosa
77. Lateral spikes absent or present, peduncled or not, if present and peduncled,
the peduncles not flexuous, the spikes not drooping.
82. Most of the beaks of perigynia conspicuously bent.
83. Pistillate scales brown, reddish-brown, or reddish-purple on both
sides of the mid-vein; plants with elongate rhizomes _______________ C. meadii
83. Pistillate scales green or hyaline on both sides of the mid-vein; plants
without elongate rhizomes.
84. Veins impressed on faces of the perigynia, not appearing raised.
85. Larger perigynia (4–)4.2–5.5(–6) mm long; style base straight
or slightly bent __________________________________ C. flaccosperma