keys to the vascular plants of east texas - Botanical Research ...

660 HEMEROCALLIDACEAE
LACHNOCAULON Kunth
HAIRY PIPEWORT, BOG-BUTTONS, BOG BACHELOR’S-BUTTONS
Perennial scapose monoecious herbs, ours clump formers, the rosettes often aggregated into
mats; stems with old leaf bases persistent as scales; leaves linear, from a clasping or sheathing
base; inflorescence a globose to hemispheric or short-cylindric head terminating an elongate
scape; bracts and sepals usually with clavate, multicellular hairs; sepals usually 3; petals absent
or reduced to small hairs or scales; stamens 2–3, elevated on an androphore; gynoecium 2- or
3-carpellate.
AA genus of ca. 10 species (Kral 2000b), of the se U.S. and the West Indies; they are typically
found in acidic habitats, often with Sphagnum. (Greek: lachno, downy or woolly, and caulus,
stalk or stem, in reference to the long hairs on the scapes of the type species—Kral 1989)
REFERENCE: Kral 1966b; MacRoberts 1989.
1. Scapes 15–40 cm long, sparsely to densely hairy; mature heads usually 4–7(–9) mm broad; hairs
at apices of receptacular bracts and perianth parts white, opaque, this imparting a pale gray or
whitish color to the heads; leaves 2.5–5.5(–12) cm long; stamens 3; styles 3, bifid _________________ L. anceps
1. Scapes 5–10 cm long, glabrous; mature heads 2–3.5 mm broad; hairs at apices of receptacular
bracts and perianth parts not white, translucent, the brown bracts and/or perianth parts imparting
their own color to the heads; leaves 0.6–1(–2) cm long; stamens 2; styles 2, bifid ____________ L. digynum
Lachnocaulon anceps (Walter) Morong, (two-edged), WHITE-HEAD BOG-BUTTON, HAIRY PIPEWORT.
Longer involucral bracts oblong or obovate, 1–1.5 mm long; receptacular bracts 1.5–2 mm long;
sepals 1.5–2 mm long (male flowers) or 2–3 mm long (female flowers); gynoecium 3-carpellate.
Moist to dry sands, bogs, other wet areas, acid substrates; Angelina, Tyler (BRIT), Hardin, Jasper
(BRIT, VDB), Jefferson, Newton, Polk, Sabine, Trinity (Turner et al. 2003) cos. in the se part of the
Pineywoods, Leon Co. (J. Singhurst, pers. comm.) in the Post Oak Savannah, and Bexar Co.
(Turner et al. 2003) at the w edge of East TX; se U.S. from VA s to FL w to TX (but disjunct across
much of LA—Kral 2000b). May–Oct. [Eriocaulon anceps Walter]
Lachnocaulon digynum Körn., (two female, in reference to the 2-carpellate gynoecium),
PINELAND BOG-BUTTON, TINY BOG-BUTTONS, TINY BUG-BOTTOMS. Longer involucral bracts triangular,
ca. 1 mm long; receptacular bracts 1–1.3 mm long; sepals ca. 1 mm long (in both male and
female flowers); gynoecium 2-carpellate. Wet sands, bogs, wetland pine savannahs, other wet
areas, acid substrates (primarily Catahoula Formation); Newton (BRIT) and Jasper (Bridges &
Orzell 1989a; Poole et al. 2002; Turner et al. 2003) cos. in the se portion of the Pineywoods (this
area was also mapped without specific county in Kral 2000b); scattered in se U.S. from FL w to
TX (but disjunct across much of LA—Kral 2000b). Summer–fall. Kral (1966b) noted that the
small, often densely aggregated rosettes are reminiscent of large Polytrichum species (mosses).
Kartesz (1999) considered this species to be rare throughout its range, and it is here considered
of conservation concern. It was first reported for TX in 1989 (Bridges & Orzell 1989a). (RARE
2002a: G3S1SOC) �
HEMEROCALLIDACEAE R. Br. DAY-LILY FAMILY
AA small family of 16 to 18 genera and ca. 85–120 species (including plants sometimes placed
in the Phormiaceae) of rhizomatous herbs native primarily to the s hemisphere, especially Australia
(Zomlefer 1998). The genera have been variously treated in terms of family affiliation.
Many authorities have put them in a broadly defined and clearly polyphyletic (but practical)
Liliaceae (e.g., Correll & Johnston 1970; Cronquist 1988; Diggs et al. 1999), based on superficial
floral similarities to the genus Lilium, while others (e.g., Traub 1963a) have put them in the
Amaryllidaceae based on characters of the inflorescence, etc. The Hemerocallidaceae has been
recognized as a distinct family by a variety of authorities (e.g., Clifford et al. 1998; Reveal & Pires