keys to the vascular plants of east texas - Botanical Research ...

778 ORCHIDACEAE/POGONIA
middle lobe apiculate, recurved; column ca. 1.5 mm long and wide; pollinia 2, yellow; capsules
to ca. 7 mm long. In humus, swamps, springs, and creek banks in moist woods; Ames (1924) reported
the species from TX based on a sight observation, a range map in Luer (1972) showed
occurrence in the Pineywoods, and Hatch et al. (1990) cited the Pineywoods; however, neither
Correll (1961), Correll and Johnston (1970), Liggio and Liggio (1999), nor Ackerman (2002a) located
any TX specimens; Johnston (1990) excluded it from his list of TX plants; therefore, it is
highly possible that this species does not presently occur in TX; no county distribution map is
provided; FL, LA, and possibly TX. Flowering dates are not available for TX; however, in n FL the
species flowers from Jul–Sep (Luer 1972; Brown 2002a). [Erythrodes querceticola (Lindl.) Ames,
Physurus querceticola Lindl., Physurus sagraeanus A. Rich.] This species was treated in the genus
Erythrodes by Correll (1961), Correll and Johnston (1970), and Luer (1972).
POGONIA Juss. SNAKE-MOUTH, BEARD-FLOWER
AA genus of 3 species of North America and e Asia (Sheviak & Catling 2002). (Greek:
pogonias, bearded, referring to the bearded lip)
REFERENCES: Teuscher 1978; Sheviak & Catling 2002.
Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker Gawl., (resembling Ophioglossum–adder’s-tongue fern, in reference
to the single leaf), ROSE POGONIA, SNAKE-MOUTH ORCHID, ADDER’S-MOUTH, ADDER’S-TONGUE-
LEAVED POGONIA, BEARD-FLOWER, ROSE-CRESTED ORCHID. Plant 20–40(–70) cm tall, from fibrous
roots scattered along slender rootstock; stems rigidly erect; leaf usually 1, ovate to ovate-lanceolate,
2–12 cm long, ca. 1–3 cm wide; inflorescence terminal, of 1(–3) flower(s); flower rosepink
to white, occasionally fragrant, resupinate (the lip therefore the lowermost of the petals),
subtended by a leaf-like bract; lip heavily white-yellow bearded, (12–)15–25 mm long; capsule
2–3 cm long. Seepage slopes, wetland pine savannah, bogs, marshy areas, other wet areas, often
with PITCHER PLANTS, frequently growing on mats of Sphagnum moss; Pineywoods and Post
Oak Savannah; also n margin of Gulf Prairies and Marshes; e Canada and through e U.S. w to
MN, OK, and TX. Apr–Jul. This species is pollinated by bees, which are apparently deceived.
The insects are attracted by a fragrance and by the appearance of the beard of yellow-white
hairs on the lip which mimics stamens; little or no nectar is produced (Catling & Catling
1991b). This is an example of “naivete exploitation” in which inexperienced bees are tricked
into providing pollination services without receiving a reward (Gregg 1989). m/295
PONTHIEVA R. Br. PONTHIEU’S ORCHID, SHADOW-WITCH
AA genus of 25 terrestrial or rarely epiphytic species of tropical and warm areas of the Americas
(Ackerman 2002c); it has sometimes been considered to consist of up to 53 species
(Mabberley 1997). (Named for Henri de Ponthieu, a French West Indian merchant, who sent
new collections of plants to Sir Joseph Banks in 1778—Luer 1972)
REFERENCES: Luer 1972; Ackerman 1995, 2002c.
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr, (with a raceme type inflorescence), SHADOW-WITCH,
HAIRY SHADOW-WITCH, PONTHIEU’S ORCHID, GLANDULAR NEOTTIA. Terrestrial scapose herb; roots
numerous, stout; stems 13–30(–60) cm tall, pubescent, usually with reddish brown pigmentation;
leaves 3–6(–8), in a basal rosette, rich green above, with a silvery luster beneath, elliptic to
oblanceolate or obovate, 3–17 cm long, 1–5.5 cm wide, subsessile to broadly petioled, reduced to
narrow bracts on the stem, � succulent when fresh, thin and papery upon drying; inflorescence
an unbranched terminal raceme with 20–30(–35) widely spreading flowers that face �
upward; floral bracts lanceolate, 8–10 mm long and 2 mm wide; flowers not resupinate, the lip
thus uppermost; middle sepal whitish green, with bright green veins, 4–7 mm long and 2–3
mm wide; lateral sepals whitish green, 4.3–6.5 mm long and 2.5–3.5 mm wide; lateral petals
white, with bright green veins, noticeably obliquely triangular, clawed, 4–6 mm long and 3.5–5