Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan - U.S. Fish and Wildlife ...

Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge
Comprehensive Conservation Plan
used as a source of meat. Radio carbon dating of bird bones from caves located in the saddle region
between Mauna Loa and Mauna Kea indicate that Native Hawaiians were obtaining juvenile ‘ua‘u
and collecting bird feathers between 1000-1450 A.D. (Dougherty and Moniz-Nakamura 2006).
By interpreting Native Hawaiian practices that occurred on Refuge lands, we will provide the public
with a better understanding of these sites and enhance the Refuge experience.
2.5 References
DeWalt, S.J. 2006. Population dynamics and potential for biological control of an exotic invasive
shrub in Hawaiian rainforests. Biological Invasions 8(5):1145-1158.
DeWalt, S.J., J.S. Denslow, and K. Ickes. 2004. Natural-enemy release facilitates habitat expansion
of the invasive tropical shrub Clidemia hirta. Ecology 85(2):471-482.
Dougherty, Dennis and Jadelyn Moniz-Nakamura. July 2006. A Cultural Resource Overview
Report for the Proposed North Kona Fencing and Habitat Restoration Project, North Kona, Hawai‘i.
National Park Service Publication in Anthropology #8. Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park.
Hight, S.D., I. Horiuchi, M.D. Vitorino, C. Wikler, and J.H. Pedrosa-Macedo. 2003. Biology, host
specificity tests, and risk assessment of the sawfly Heteroperreyia hubrichi, a potential biological
control agent of Schinus terebinthifolius in Hawaii. BioControl 48:461–476.
Hill, R.L., G. Markin, G., A.H. Gourlay, S.V. Fowler, and E. Yoshioka. 2001. Host Range, Release,
and Establishment of Sericothrips staphylinus Haliday (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) as a Biological
Control Agent for Gorse, Ulex europaeus L. (Fabaceae), in New Zealand and Hawaii. Biological
Control 21:63–74.
Johnson, M.T., P.A. Follett, A.D. Taylor, V.P. Jones. 2005. Impacts of biological control and
invasive species on a non-target native Hawaiian insect. Oecologia (2005) 142: 529–540.
Julien, M.H., J.K. Scott, W. Orapa, Q. Paynter. 2007. History, opportunities and challenges for
biological control in Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific islands. Crop Protection 26:255–265.
Maly, K and Onaona Maly. 2001 A Historical Overview of the Lands, and Trails Traveled, Between
Keauhou and Kealakekua, Kona, Hawai‘i. Prepared for the State Division of Forestry and Wildlife.
Kumu Pono Associates, Hilo, Hawaii.
Trujillo, E.E. 2005. History and success of plant pathogens for biological control of introduced
weeds in Hawaii. Biological Control 33:113-122.
Tummons, P. 2008. Waiwai Bio control Controversy. Environment Hawaii 19(1). July 2008.
Uowolo, A.L. and J.S. Denslow. 2008. Characteristics of the Psidium cattleianum (Myrtaceae) Seed
Bank in Hawaiian Lowland Wet Forests. Pacific Science 62(1): 129-135.
Chapter 2. Refuge Management Direction 2-42