Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan - U.S. Fish and Wildlife ...

Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge
Comprehensive Conservation Plan
A number of suggestions came out of the workshop. The suggestions are listed below. The rankings
for each of the lists are based upon voting by workshop participants. The complete forest bird
workshop summary is included as Appendix E.
Immediate Threats to Hawaiian Forest Birds at Hakalau Forest NWR
1. Ungulates;
2. Lack of Habitat;
3. Invasive Plants;
4. Predation;
5. Data Insufficient to Meet Management Needs;
6. Parasites; and
7. Interspecific Competition.
Management Actions (Priority Ranking by Workshop Participants)
1. *Grazers/browsers (Habitat destruction/relative to mosquito production) (High)
� Fence construction, maintenance, and removal of animals;
� See Research Priorities;
2. Habitat Restoration (High)
� Revegetation of pasture land;
� Improve ‘ōhi‘a densities;
3. Invasive plants (High)
� Continue invasive species control (e.g., blackberry, banana poka, gorse);
� Prevent and eliminate incipient weeds;
� See Research Priorities;
4. Monitoring and Data Needs (High)
� See Research priorities;
� Delivery of technical information;
5. Predation (Medium)
� See Research priorities;
6. Parasites (Low)
� Incipient invasive parasites, true population counts, delouse birds;
7. Interspecific competition (Low)
� See Research priorities;
� Identify ectoparasites/mites.
Research Priorities (Priority Ranked by Workshop Participants)
1. Monitoring and Data: Expand point counts/banding data (combined primary counter training,
consider use of a B-Bird (Breeding Biology Research and Monitoring Database) system
(http://www.umt.edu/bbird/info.htm), and threat surveillance);
2. Predation: Investigate effects of rats on forest birds; rodent population index;
3. Invasive Plants: Develop effective biocontrols;
4. *Grazers/Browsers: Predator proof fencing;
5. Invasive Plants: Develop more efficient control methods and registration of herbicides;
5. Determine the effects of global climate change at the Refuge; Develop more effective cat control
techniques;
6. Determine effects of ectoparasites on non-endangered bird populations; and
6. Experimental control of Japanese white-eyes.
Appendix K. Public Involvement K-5