Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan - U.S. Fish and Wildlife ...

Table 4-2. Resources of Concern.
Other Benefiting
Species
Life History
Requirement
Focal Species Habitat Type Habitat Structure
Nesting and foraging. All native forest bird
species and
‘ōpe‘ape‘a and
plants.
A mixed age class of koa- and ‘ōhi‘a-dominated
forest, occurring between 5,000-6,000 ft in
elevation on the windward slopes of Mauna
Kea. The mid-canopy is dominated by a mix of
flowering and fruiting trees (e.g., ‘ōlapa, ‘ākala,
pilo, pūkiawe, ‘ōhelo, kōlea, kāwa‘u), mixed
ferns, and epiphytes. Ground cover is ferns and
woody seedlings, herbs and nonnative grasses.
Birds
‘akiapōlā‘au Montane wet
koa/‘ōhi‘a forest.
Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge
Comprehensive Conservation Plan
A diverse native bird community occurs in this
habitat type, primarily due to elevations above
mosquito zone and more diverse forest plant
community. Other species of conservation and
management concern include koloa maoli,
‘ōpe‘ape‘a, and endangered plants.
Foraging. ‘Amakihi, ‘elepaio,
‘apapane, Hawai‘i
creeper.
Koa, in reforestation areas, a minimum 8-10
year old growth, density and height
requirements unknown but density is a
‘akiapōlā‘au Koa/‘ōhi‘a forestreforestation
from
grassland.
dependent factor. Above mosquito zone.
Nesting and foraging. All native forest bird
species and
‘ōpe‘ape‘a and
plants.
Nesting: Old growth trees, minimum 24 inches
dbh with cavities for nesting.
Hawai‘i ‘ākepa Native ‘ōhi‘a and
koa/‘ōhi‘a forest.
Foraging: mixed age class stand native koa and
‘ōhi‘a forest above mosquito zone.
Nesting and foraging. All native forest bird
species and
‘ōpe‘ape‘a and
plants.
Mature koa and ‘ōhi‘a forest with native
understory
above mosquito zone.
Hawai‘i creeper Native ‘ōhi‘a and
koa/‘ōhi‘a forest.
F-10 Appendix F: Biological Integrity, Diversity, and Environmental Health and Resources of Concern