Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan - U.S. Fish and Wildlife ...

Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge
Comprehensive Conservation Plan
Table 4-5. Endangered and Threatened Plant Species that Occur (or Potentially
Occur) at Hakalau Forest NWR.
Scientific Name
Common &
Hawaiian Name(s)
Status Hakalau
Unit
Kona
Unit
Aspleniaceae Spleenwort family
Asplenium peruvianum
var. insulare
--
E X
Campanulaceae Bellflowers family
Clermontia lindseyana „oha wai E X (CH) X
Clermontia peleana „oha wai E P (CH)
Clermontia pyrularia „oha wai E X (CH)
Cyanea hamatiflora
subsp. carlsonii
hāhā
E P (CH)
Cyanea platyphylla „aku„aku E P
Cyanea shipmannii hāhā E X (CH)
Cyanea stictophylla hāhā E X
Caryophyllaceae Pink family
Silene hawaiiensis -- T P
Curcurbitaceae Gourd family
Sicyos macrophyllus „anunu C X
Gesneriaceae African violet family
Cyrtandra tintinnabula ha„iwale E X (CH)
Lamiaceae Mint family
Phyllostegia floribunda -- C P
Phyllostegia racemosa kiponapona E X (CH)
Phyllostegia velutina -- E X (CH) P
Portulacaceae Purslane family
Portulaca sclerocarpa po„e E P
Solanaceae Nightshade family
Nothocestrum breviflorum „aiea
Status: E = Endangered; T = Threatened; C = Candidate.
E P
Occurrence: X = Individuals known to occur on the unit; P = Potentially occurs on
the unit; CH = Critical habitat designated on the unit.
4.9.1 Asplenium peruvianum var. insulare
Asplenium peruvianum is a fern native to the Andes in South America. The Hawaiian variety, var.
insulare, is a federally listed endangered species. It was originally listed as Asplenium fragile var.
insulare in 1994. This delicate fern has glabrous fronds measuring between 6 - 18 in long and 0.4-
1.2 in wide. The upper surfaces of the fronds have dull gray or brown stripes with two greenish
ridges. The long, narrow blades on the fronds are 1-pinnate and pale green to dark green. The sori, or
spore-producing bodies, are close to the main vein, with one to two on the lower side and two to four
on the upper side. Asplenium peruvianum var. insulare has creeping rhizomes measuring between
0.12-0.5 in in diameter. Compared to the variety in South America, the coarser Hawaiian variety is
larger in size and the midribs of the fern blades (rachises) are thicker. In addition, almost all of the
pinnae (primary division of the compound blade) have a superior basal lobe (Palmer 2003).
4-58 Chapter 4. Refuge Biology and Habitats