Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan - U.S. Fish and Wildlife ...

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Other Benefiting Species Life History Requirement Focal Species Habitat Type Habitat Structure Mammal All native forest bird species and plants. Breeding, roosting, and foraging. Mature forest. Native koa/‘ōhi‘a forest and nonnative forest. Hawaiian hoary bat, ‘Ōpe‘ape‘a Invertebrate All native forest bird species, ‘ōpe‘ape‘a, and plants. Breeding and feeding. Mature mesic native forest with abundant clermontia sp. Endemic to west side of Hawai‘i Island, native koa/‘ōhi‘a forest. Drosophila heteroneura, Picturewing fly Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan All native forest bird species, ‘ōpe‘ape‘a, invertebrates, and other forest plant species. Mature, undisturbed, and uneven aged forests. All life-history stages for all plant species are required. Wet ‘ōhi‘a and mesic koa/‘ōhi‘a forests. Plants Asplenium peruvianum var. insulare Clermontia lindseyana Clermontia peleana Clermontia pyrularia Cyanea hamatiflora Cyanea platyphylla Cyanea shipmannii Cyanea stictophylla Cyrtandra tintinabula Nothocestrum breviflorum Phyllostegia floribunda Phyllostegia racemosa Phyllostegia velutina Sicyos macrophyllus All native forest bird species, ‘ōpe‘ape‘a, invertebrates, and other forest plant species. Mature, undisturbed, and uneven aged forests. All life-history stages for all plant species are required. Dry koa/‘ōhi‘a/māmane forest Portulaca sclerocarpa Silene hawaiiensis F-12 Appendix F: Biological Integrity, Diversity, and Environmental Health and Resources of Concern
Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan Appendix G. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program 1.0 Background IPM is an interdisciplinary approach utilizing methods to prevent, eliminate, contain, and/or control pest species in concert with other management activities on refuge lands and waters to achieve wildlife and habitat management goals and objectives. 1 IPM is also a scientifically based, adaptive management process where available scientific information and best professional judgment of the refuge staff as well as other resource experts would be used to identify and implement appropriate management strategies that can be modified and/or changed over time to ensure effective, sitespecific management of pest species to achieve desired outcomes. In accordance with 43 CFR 46.145, adaptive management would be particularly relevant where long-term impacts may be uncertain and future monitoring would be needed to make adjustments in subsequent implementation decisions. After a tolerable pest population (threshold) is determined considering achievement of refuge resource objectives and the ecology of pest species, one or more methods, or combinations thereof, would be selected that are feasible, efficacious, and most protective of non-target resources, including native species (fish, wildlife, and plants), and Service personnel, Service authorized agents, volunteers, and the public. Staff time and available funding would be considered when determining feasibility/practicality of various treatments. IPM techniques to address pests are presented as CCP strategies (see Chapter 2 of this CCP) in an adaptive management context to achieve refuge resource objectives. In order to satisfy requirements for IPM planning as identified in the Director’s Memo (dated September 9, 2004) entitled Integrated Pest Management Plans and Pesticide Use Proposals: Updates, Guidance, and an Online Database, the following elements of an IPM program have been incorporated into this CCP: • Habitat and/or wildlife objectives that identify pest species and appropriate thresholds to indicate the need for and successful implementation of IPM techniques; and • Monitoring before and/or after treatment to assess progress toward achieving objectives including pest thresholds. Where pesticides would be necessary to address pests, this Appendix provides a structured procedure to evaluate potential effects of proposed uses involving ground-based applications to refuge biological resources and environmental quality. Only pesticide uses that likely would cause minor, temporary, or localized effects to refuge biological resources and environmental quality with appropriate best management practices (BMPs), where necessary, would be allowed for use on the refuge. This Appendix does not describe the more detailed process to evaluate potential effects associated with aerial applications of pesticides. Moreover, it does not address effects of mosquito control with pesticides (larvicides, pupacides, or adulticides) based upon identified human health threats and presence of disease-carrying mosquitoes in sufficient numbers from monitoring conducted on a refuge. However, the basic framework to assess potential effects to refuge biological resources and environmental quality from aerial application of pesticides or use of insecticides for mosquito 1 This appendix uses the term “pest” to describe those species referred to as “nonnative” in the main body of this CCP. In Hawai‘i, nonnative refers to invasive or introduced species, which also aligns with the 569 FW1 pest definition. Appendix G. Integrated Pest Management G-1
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U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Hakala
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Executive Summary Executive Summary
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Executive Summary Hakalau Forest Na
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Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Re
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vi Hakalau Forest National Wildlife
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Figure 1-1. Refuge vicinity. Chapte
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Figure 1-2. HFU location. Chapter 1
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Figure 1-3. KFU location. Chapter 1
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Chapter 2. Refuge Management Direct
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3.5.2 Kona Forest Unit Contaminants
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Chapter 4. Refuge Biology and Habit
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Species, Species Group, or Habitat
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Grasslands Hakalau Forest National
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Figure 4-6. Central windward study
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4.5.1 ‘I‘iwi (Vestiaria coccine
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4.8.5 Mollusks Hakalau Forest Natio
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4.9.13 Phyllostegia velutina Hakala
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4.9.16 Silene hawaiiensis Hakalau F
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Scientific Name Hakalau Forest Nati
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Scientific Name Hakalau Forest Nati
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Horses (Equus caballus caballus) Ha
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Chapter 5. Social S an nd Economic
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Figure 5-2. 5 HFU ad dministrativ v
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Figure 5-3. 5 KFU ad dministrativ v
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5.2.3 Camping Hakalau Forest Nation
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Kona Forest Unit Hakalau Forest Nat
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5.3.6 Refuge Contribution Hakalau F
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Appendices Above: Nēnē/John De Me
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Critical Habitat Hakalau Forest Nat
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Critical Habitat Life Year First Fa
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Genus Species Hawaiian/Common Name
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Genus Species Hawaiian/Common Name
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3x3 Code Genus Species Syn Status I
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Use: Wildlife Observation and Photo
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Availability of Resources: Hakalau
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Wildlife Photography: Hakalau Fores
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Public Review and Comment: Hakalau
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Anticipated Impacts of the Use(s):
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� Surveys: Scientific inventory o
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References Cited: Hakalau Forest Na
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Permits Hakalau Forest National Wil
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Attachment 2 Study title: Fiscal ye
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Use: University of Hawai‘i Field
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References Cited: Hakalau Forest Na
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Activity 5-year intervals: 2015, 20
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Activity 5-year intervals: 2015, 20
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Date Acquired Hakalau Forest Nation
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U.S. Department of the Interior U.S
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