Juin 2005

VIII.LINKWûRDS: Replace each number (1, 2,3..) in the text entitled "GROWING PAINS"with the appropriate linkword and replace each letter (A, B,C...) with the correct preposition.Choose from the lists below. (20 points)MOTS DE LlAISON.:although - and - as for - but -for example - moreover - sa - such as - unfortunately - unlessPREPOSITIONS: at -from - in - off- over - than - ta - ta - up - withGROWING PAINSIT CERTAINY seems like a good idea, Plant acrop genetically modified to be resistant to a broadspectrumherbicide like glyphosate, (1) ..... you can wipeout ail the weeds with a couple of applications of thechernicaL There is no need even to plough the fields beforeplanting, which reduces soil erosion and the amount ofcarbon released to the atmosphere.(2) ....., things aren't that simple. Seeds left(A) ..... the fields (B) ..... the previous season's crop willturn (C) as unwanted "volunteers" that can only bekilled (D) a different herbicide. And afier a fewseasons of growing the same crop in the same field weedsthat are natnrally resistant (E) ..... the main herbicide willstart to take (F) ..... again forcing farmers to resort(G) ..... other weedkillers.ln North America, these problems have proved tobe irritants ratber (H) ..... show stoppers. But furthersouth, the pictnre is different. In the late 1990s, fanners inArgentina leapt (1) ..... the opportunity to grow herbicideresistantsoya. Today, as volunteers and superweedsemerge, sorne are reportedly fighting them (J) ..... withquantities of herbicides that are destroying neighbours'crops and making people sick. (3) ..... the full picture isnot c1ear, even Argentinian advocates of GM crops admitthat today's farming methods cannot be sustainedAli of this will be seized upon by sornecampaigners as proofthat GM crops are plain bad. (4) .....the real story is more complex. For one thing, any farmerwho sprays herbicides with such abandon that nearbycrops and people are affected is being reckless and shouldface legal penalties. (5) ....., pesticide poisoning is nothingnew and we know that other GM crops, (6) ..... Bt cottonhave actually reduced instances of it in countries such asChina.Argentina's troubles are caused more by arnishandling of the technology than by the technologyitself. Tuming over large areas of farmland to just onecrop, relying on one method ofweed control, and failing totake precautions such as rotating crops, is asking fortrouble.But if opponents of GM crops should pausebefore seizing on Argentina's example, (7) ..... shouldproponents who daim GM crops will be a boon to farmersin developing countries. (8) ..... govemment agencies andseed companies ensure that farmers grow GM crops in theright way, their value will not last long. (9) ....., farmersplanting BI cotton in South Africa boast that they do notneed ta plant "refuges" of traditional cotton nearby. Thismay be true today, but pests resistant to Bt will evolvefaster if they do not.(10) ..... Argentina, the question now is what willthe country's farmers do next?MOTS DE LIAISON:1 ­2­3 ­4­5 -6­7 ­8 ­9­la -PREPOSITIONS:A­B­c­D­E-F­G­H­1­J -3