1996 Electronics Industry Environmental Roadmap - Civil and ...

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Design for Environment: Evolution and Tool Needs However useful checklists and guidelines prove to be in the early stages of the DFE process, as the industry becomes more experienced at integrating this process into existing design and manufacturing systems, and as potential cost savings related to DFE become more evident, the need for software-based tools will likely increase. The integration of DFE principles at each design stage, from concept to manufacture, will encourage communication between equipment, chemical, and material suppliers and the manufacturer of the final product regarding the environmental impact of each choice. Particularly difficult, however, is the lack of a common language and standards for DFE (e.g., what is “recyclable” or “green”?) and the lack of data to support trade-off decisions. Appendix G provides an overview of selected projects in Europe that contribute to the data required for DFE practices. The need for reliable data on environmental impact was often expressed during this roadmapping exercise, although it appears to be difficult for an organization to choose the optimal tool for data analysis and decision making. Ideally all of the various data and functions of a DFE tool should be treated in a concurrent, seamless, CAD design environment. This ideal tool would have the intelligence to allow the designer to make material, chemical, and physical design choices and to understand the trade-offs at each stage of the design process in a seamless and transparent manner. A number of tools are already available for use in the DFE process. The bulk of them best fit into the category of life cycle analysis, although the list of tools is growing in such areas as design for recyclability and disassembly. Table 4-1 provides a sample list of current offerings. Tool Name Developer/Vendor Capabilities Boustead Database Boustead Consultants Life cycle analysis Clean Process Advisory NCMS, Kellogg Co., Life cycle analysis System (CPAS) CenCITT DFR-HUT Helsinki University of Technology Status unconfirmed Design for Assembly Boothroyd Dewhurst, Inc. Disassembly/recyclability process assessment, (DFA), Design for process-flow assessment, and manufacturability Disassembly (DFD) assessment DFD/DFR IPA-FhG Disassembly/recyclability for autos, household appliances, electromechanical parts Diana POGO International, Inc. Disassembly/recyclability process assessment EcoManager PIRA, Franklin Associates Life cycle inventory tool for products and processes EcoPro EMPA Life cycle assessment on packaging materials EcoSys Sandia National Labs Life cycle assessment EcoTex PNL (Pacific Northwest Laboratories) Status unconfirmed EDIP Institute for Product Life cycle inventory and assessment tool (available Development, Technical University of Denmark in 1Q96 in Danish only) Envision Dow Chemical Process assessment tool for cost modeling of MCM- D fabrication EPS IVL (Sweden) Life cycle analysis via environmental “load” calculations 58
Design for Environment: Evolution and Tool Needs GaBi IKP Life cycle inventory and assessment of chemical, metallurgical, and polymer processes Green Manufacturing Shell UC Berkeley/CGDM Assessment of energy use and mass flows and environmental impact (i.e., toxicity, carcinogenesis, irritation, flammability and reactivity) for metal fabrication. Data linked to AutoCAD environment for design of chassis components. IBIS IBIS Associates Life cycle and manufacturing cost simulation tool for electronic systems IDEA VTT (developed by IIASA in Life cycle inventory and assessment of basic Austria) materials including biological production processes IDEMAT Technical University, Delft Life cycle inventory and analysis (based on MET points) Koning Carnegie Mellon University Material selection and substitution LCAit University of Chalmers Life cycle inventory and assessment (mass balance) LCM$ Decision Focus, Inc. Life cycle cost management (avail. 1/96) Life cycle Inventory EDIP (Environmental Design Life cycle assessment Tool of Industrial Products) LiMS Chem Systems Life cycle assessment LMS Eco-Inventory LMS Umweltsysteme Life cycle inventory and assessment (raw material Tool extraction, manufacturing, utility generation, transport, and waste disposal) Tool Name Developer/Vendor Capabilities LASeR (Life cycle Assembly, Service and Retirement) Stanford University Life cycle assessment Manufacturing Advisor Texas Instruments (developer), Mentor Graphics (vendor) Manufacturability assessment OEKO-Base Fur Migros-Genossenschaft-Bund Life cycle inventory and assessment of packaging Windows materials Paradox Delta Database of components (construction drawings, material profiles, environmental specifications) PEMS-PIRA Environmental Tool PIRA International Life cycle assessment PIA Inventory Tool TME Life cycle inventory and assessment (handles no recycling) PRICE Martin-Marietta Price Systems Life cycle inventory and modeling tool for electronic modules Product LCI Proctor and Gamble European Life cycle assessment Spreadsheet Technology Center Recreation IPA (Fraunhofer Institute for Databases of materials, life cycle processes, safety Manufacturing Engineering standards, legal standards, and recycling/disposal and Automation) options. Used, for example, to design for product retirement (DFPR) and to provide life cycle metrics. Repaq Inventory Tool Franklin Associates Life cycle inventory (energy usage, solid waste, air and water emissions) ReStar Green Engineering Corporation Disassembly/recyclability process assessment SAGE RTI Database for alternative solvents used for cleaning and degreasing 59
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MCC TECHNICAL REPORT MCC-ECESM-001-
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MCC Technical Report Document No. M
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Table of Contents Electronics Indus
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Electronics Industry Environmental
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Executive Summary Electronics Indus
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1.0 Introduction Introduction 1.1 O
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Introduction These kinds of cross-c
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Introduction Strategic Priority Nee
Page 25 and 26: Introduction Tactical Priority Need
Page 27 and 28: 2.0 Strategic Business Opportunitie
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Page 31 and 32: Strategic Business Opportunities Go
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Page 37 and 38: Strategic Business Opportunities -
Page 39 and 40: Environmental Cost Accounting at AT
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Page 81 and 82: 5.0 Disposition Disposition 5.1 Obj
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Page 85 and 86: Disposition 5.4.1 The Consumer/Comm
Page 87 and 88: Disposition 5.4.2 Recycled Material
Page 89 and 90: Disposition One of the greatest cha
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Page 97 and 98: 5.5.5 Summary: Lessons from Program
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Page 103 and 104: Disposition Recycling: The collecti
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Page 108 and 109: Emerging Technologies self-aligned
Page 110 and 111: Emerging Technologies wafer. 18 Gen
Page 112 and 113: Emerging Technologies 94 Planarizat
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Page 118 and 119: Emerging Technologies 100 ensures f
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Emerging Technologies 108 have sign
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Emerging Technologies 110 of automa
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Emerging Technologies 112 managemen
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Emerging Technologies 6.4.4 Fully A
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Emerging Technologies 116 Priority
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Appendix A. Other Industry Roadmaps
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Appendix A Overriding Issue SIA/SEM
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Appendix A Integrated Circuit Fabri
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IPC OIDA SIA/SEMATECH Interconnect
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Appendix A IPC Substrate thickness
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SIA/SEMATECH Precision Electromecha
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH As CMOS tec
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Appendix A IPC “The coordination
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Appendix A OIDA Specific technical
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Appendix A NEMI Photonics Critical
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH In a steady
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH Hand-in-han
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH Chemical, e
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Appendix A IPC Several approaches m
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH Conversion
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SIA/SEMATECH Benchmarking NEMI Need
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Appendix A IPC Purchasing Suppliers
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Appendix B. The Ten Ceres Principle
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Appendix C. The ICC Business Charte
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Appendix D Appendix D. Statistical
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SIC CODE Table 1. Demographic and w
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Appendix D Table 2. Correlation of
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SIC Code Table 3. Costs of fuels an
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3672 Printed Circuit Boards 3674 Se
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1 Value of shipments for product by
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3676- Electronic resistors 3677- El
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Appendix D Product Product Company
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Appendix D 183
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Appendix D Table 9. Quantity and va
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Key to Table 9: - Represents zero.
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SIC Code 36 361 Table 10. Air pollu
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SIC Code 36 361 362 Table 11. Pollu
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SIC Code 36 Appendix D Table 12. Po
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Appendix E Appendix E. Development
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Appendix E releases with component
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Appendix E 2 1 ITEM: Common Sense I
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Appendix E 6 1 ITEM: U.S. Industria
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Appendix E 1 ITEM: Waste Wi$e 2 SOU
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Appendix E 14 1 ITEM: 33/50 Program
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Appendix E 3 CONTENT: This Departme
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Appendix E clearinghouses, database
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5 COST: Free access to all data/inf
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Appendix E 34 1 ITEM: EMPF (Electro
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Appendix E 37 1 ITEM: I3LA (Initiat
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Appendix E 40 1 ITEM: Access EPA 2
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Appendix E 7 PERTINENCE: Probably n
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Appendix E 3 CONTENT: Large indexed
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Appendix E 55 1 ITEM: UCLA Center f
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Item # Type Source of Item Access C
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Appendix F. Survey of Tool Characte
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[Definitions for the design activit
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Human Interface (Please rank the im
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Appendix F 5 Quantifies and reports
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Appendix G Appendix G. Building Blo
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Appendix G The Nordic cooperation g
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Appendix G undertaken to assess env
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Appendix H If no accrual is made be
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Appendix H 248
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Appendix I 250
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Appendix J The ordinance requires U
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Appendix J 254 150,001 to 600,000 1
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Appendix J Germany (Proposed; effec
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References [16] Waitz and Corbet,
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References 260
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