1996 Electronics Industry Environmental Roadmap - Civil and ...

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Disposition 80 Government, business, and consumers must all participate so that enough material is generated to be cost-effective. An increasing volume and variety of discarded equipment requires approaches that can grow and adapt to changing conditions. The results must be apparent and measurable. Measurements would include, for example, cost savings associated with reductions in hazardous waste volumes; energy conserved; volume of material diverted from landfills by the recycling of plastics, metal, and glass; and cost savings resulting from the use of recycled materials rather than new materials in production. Cooperative efforts between industry and government might result in a focused legislative and public education program to stimulate markets and remove roadblocks to recycled products or materials, provide incentives to motivate companies to participate, and encourage and educate consumers. In such an effort, trade associations are critical. The goal is to influence opinion to remove barriers or create incentives, promote inter-jurisdictional (and international) conformity in definitions and regulations, and promote public acceptance of recycled-content products and materials. This effort would also address the importance of integrating environmental messages and supporting statements about recycled products into educational curricula. Among private consumers, acceptability could be addressed through the provision of warranties comparable to new equipment, and increased use by the information technology industry of outlet stores (mirroring a national trend popular in many other product segments). In addition, secondary markets for refurbished equipment or recaptured components or materials need to be established. Perhaps an initial education-based step is a public campaign of consumer and corporate education that encourages the return of equipment. One proposed infrastructure approach from the talan group, inc. (tgi) provides an incentive for the computer owner to make the system available for dispositioning. tgi proposes that homecomputer owners be given a tax break for donating a computer system to a charitable foundation, the amount of the tax break will be dependent upon the particular type of computer. Via a network established for this program, the user would contact a commercial shipping company to receive a shipping package and arrange for a product pick-up. The shipping fee would be charged to the donor, and may be tax deductible. Once the foundation receives the system, the donor is provided with a receipt and the foundation moves forward with reclamation of components and recycling for resource materials. Another potential collection infrastructure was discussed at the 1995 MCC Electronic Products Disposition workshop, where opportunities and challenges of attracting investment and entrepreneurs to opportunities with retired computers were put forth. One critical need identified was to more fully characterize the existing installed base and disposition channels. There is a need for a more in-depth understanding about the installed base of electronic products that might enter the disposition pipeline. There is also a need for a greater understanding of the channels available for managing retired computer systems. This effort could take the form of a joint effort between OEMs, suppliers of recovery/recycling services, and the government. Other industries would also be studied to identify applicable/replicable models. A general model was discussed at the workshop for the disposition of consumer electronic products (see Figure 5-1).
Disposition The left side of the model is essentially a manufacturer reverse-distribution system. The righthand side illustrates curbside pickup by municipalities and/or a consortium. Both scenarios include generator drop-off options, especially for small products, such as calculators, portable radios, and digital alarm clocks. For larger items, such as 40-inch televisions and console stereo systems, curbside pickup is certainly the most reasonable procedure. Below the horizontal line three different recycling options are represented that are currently operational for retired electronic products refurbishment, disassembly, and shred/post-shred separation. All three effectively achieve the intended objectives, but also create a waste fraction that must be characterized and properly managed. Technological development and test bed facilities would enable the reduction of this waste fraction and access to residual value in materials. In particular, developments need to occur around plastics separation and recycling and CRT recycling. Retail Distributor Manufacturer SORT Generator Drop-off Curbside Pickup Refurbish Resale Waste Waste Consortium SORT Disassembly Separate Reuse Reman Separate SORT Shred Metals Recovery Municipality Waste Figure 5-1. A potential disposition model for the U.S. consumer market. The roadmap for accelerating the development of the disposition infrastructure serving the electronics industry calls for a number of significant initiatives, several aimed at technology demonstration and development and several at supporting processes, data, and regulations. 5.6.1 “Triage” Techniques: An Integrated Sorting and Assessment Center Assuming that the collection infrastructure is generating a constant flow of product to the PELM pipeline, there is an immediate need for a system of “triage” to determine the condition, contents, and appropriate action for each unit received. One way to approach this challenge is to develop a pilot project for integrated sorting and processing. A prototype facility for managing retired electronics would be useful for testing and integrating existing technology, developing and 81
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MCC TECHNICAL REPORT MCC-ECESM-001-
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MCC Technical Report Document No. M
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Table of Contents Electronics Indus
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Electronics Industry Environmental
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Executive Summary Electronics Indus
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1.0 Introduction Introduction 1.1 O
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Introduction These kinds of cross-c
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Introduction Strategic Priority Nee
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Introduction Tactical Priority Need
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2.0 Strategic Business Opportunitie
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Strategic Business Opportunities To
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Strategic Business Opportunities Go
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Strategic Business Opportunities co
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Strategic Business Opportunities Th
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Strategic Business Opportunities -
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Environmental Cost Accounting at AT
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Strategic Business Opportunities Pr
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Strategic Business Opportunities sm
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Strategic Business Opportunities pr
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Page 58 and 59: Information and Knowledge Systems 4
Page 60 and 61: Information and Knowledge Systems A
Page 64 and 65: Information and Knowledge Systems m
Page 69 and 70: Design for Environment: Evolution a
Page 79 and 80: 5. Models to support more comprehen
Page 81 and 82: 5.0 Disposition Disposition 5.1 Obj
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Page 85 and 86: Disposition 5.4.1 The Consumer/Comm
Page 87 and 88: Disposition 5.4.2 Recycled Material
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Page 95 and 96: Disposition The proposals strongly
Page 97: 5.5.5 Summary: Lessons from Program
Page 101 and 102: Disposition and government for esta
Page 103 and 104: Disposition Recycling: The collecti
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Page 108 and 109: Emerging Technologies self-aligned
Page 110 and 111: Emerging Technologies wafer. 18 Gen
Page 112 and 113: Emerging Technologies 94 Planarizat
Page 114 and 115: Emerging Technologies Therefore, gi
Page 116 and 117: Emerging Technologies Printed Wirin
Page 118 and 119: Emerging Technologies 100 ensures f
Page 120 and 121: Emerging Technologies Etch Chemical
Page 122 and 123: Emerging Technologies 104 Fully Sub
Page 124 and 125: Emerging Technologies adhesives and
Page 126 and 127: Emerging Technologies 108 have sign
Page 128 and 129: Emerging Technologies 110 of automa
Page 130 and 131: Emerging Technologies 112 managemen
Page 132 and 133: Emerging Technologies 6.4.4 Fully A
Page 134 and 135: Emerging Technologies 116 Priority
Page 137 and 138: Appendix A. Other Industry Roadmaps
Page 139 and 140: Appendix A Overriding Issue SIA/SEM
Page 141 and 142: Appendix A Integrated Circuit Fabri
Page 143 and 144: IPC OIDA SIA/SEMATECH Interconnect
Page 145 and 146: Appendix A IPC Substrate thickness
Page 147 and 148: SIA/SEMATECH Precision Electromecha
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH As CMOS tec
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Appendix A IPC “The coordination
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Appendix A OIDA Specific technical
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Appendix A NEMI Photonics Critical
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH In a steady
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH Hand-in-han
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH Chemical, e
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Appendix A IPC Several approaches m
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Appendix A SIA/SEMATECH Conversion
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SIA/SEMATECH Benchmarking NEMI Need
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Appendix A IPC Purchasing Suppliers
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Appendix B. The Ten Ceres Principle
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Appendix C. The ICC Business Charte
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Appendix D Appendix D. Statistical
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SIC CODE Table 1. Demographic and w
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Appendix D Table 2. Correlation of
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SIC Code Table 3. Costs of fuels an
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3672 Printed Circuit Boards 3674 Se
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1 Value of shipments for product by
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3676- Electronic resistors 3677- El
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Appendix D Product Product Company
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Appendix D 183
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Appendix D Table 9. Quantity and va
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Key to Table 9: - Represents zero.
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SIC Code 36 361 Table 10. Air pollu
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SIC Code 36 361 362 Table 11. Pollu
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SIC Code 36 Appendix D Table 12. Po
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Appendix E Appendix E. Development
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Appendix E releases with component
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Appendix E 2 1 ITEM: Common Sense I
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Appendix E 6 1 ITEM: U.S. Industria
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Appendix E 1 ITEM: Waste Wi$e 2 SOU
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Appendix E 14 1 ITEM: 33/50 Program
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Appendix E 3 CONTENT: This Departme
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Appendix E clearinghouses, database
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5 COST: Free access to all data/inf
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Appendix E 34 1 ITEM: EMPF (Electro
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Appendix E 37 1 ITEM: I3LA (Initiat
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Appendix E 40 1 ITEM: Access EPA 2
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Appendix E 7 PERTINENCE: Probably n
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Appendix E 3 CONTENT: Large indexed
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Appendix E 55 1 ITEM: UCLA Center f
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Item # Type Source of Item Access C
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Appendix F. Survey of Tool Characte
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[Definitions for the design activit
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Human Interface (Please rank the im
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Appendix F 5 Quantifies and reports
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Appendix G Appendix G. Building Blo
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Appendix G The Nordic cooperation g
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Appendix G undertaken to assess env
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Appendix H If no accrual is made be
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Appendix H 248
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Appendix I 250
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Appendix J The ordinance requires U
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Appendix J 254 150,001 to 600,000 1
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Appendix J Germany (Proposed; effec
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References [16] Waitz and Corbet,
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References 260
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