Introduction to Nanotechnology

NAME
Glycine
Alanine
Valine
Threonine
Glutamate
(Glutamic acid)
12.3. NUCLEIC ACiDS 317
SYMBOL M, Da RNA WORDS STRUCTURE
sized, nm (CODONS)
G~Y
Ala
Val
Thr
Tryptophan Try
75.07 Da
0.42 nrn
89.09 Da
0.47 nm*
117.12 Da
0.54 nm
119.12 Da
0.54 nm
147.13 Da
0.70 nm
246.27 Da
0.90 nm
GGU GGA
GGC GGG
NH,- CHz- COOH
"2
GCU GCC GCG GCA CH3-C-COOH
, H
H NH,
CH3 I
GUU GUA 'L-C- COOH
GUC GUG
CHj /,
I
H NH,
I 1
ACU ACA CHs-GC- COOH
ACC ACG L A
H
GAA GAG HOOC-CH,-CH2-C-COOH
"2
I
I
H
"2
C 1
c4 'c- C-CH,-C-COOH
UGG I II II
C\C/C,N/CH
H
Figure 12.5. Names, symbols, molecular weights &, size parameters d, three-letter RNA
genetic codewords (codons), and structures 01 6 of the 20 amino acids, with the smallest amino
acid, glycine, at the top, and the largest, tryptophan. at the bottom.
R O Fro R O
I II I II I II
HzN-C-C-OH + H,N-C-C-OH + H,N-C-C-OH
I I
I
H
H
Before bonding
R O H R ' O H R ' O
I I I I I I I I I l l
HzN- C - C- N - C - C- N- C- C - OH +2H20
I
H
I
H
Alter bonding
Figure 12.6. Formation of a tripeptide chain (bottom) by establishing peptide bonds between
three amino acids (lop).
I
H
H
I
H