Linking Culture and the Environment

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R.E. Mitchell 181 References Arnstein, S.R. (1969) A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners 3, 216–224. Blackstone Corporation (1995) Ecotourism and Environmental Linkages in Peru: A Framework for Action. Prepared for the World Bank, Toronto, Canada. Boza, B. (1997) Peru El Dorado No. 6, January–March. Brandon, K. (1996) Ecotourism and Conservation: A Review of Key issues. Global Environment Division, The World Bank, Paper No. 033. Butler, R.W. (1980) The concept of the tourist cycle of evolution: implications for management of resources. Canadian Geographer 24, 5–12. Butler, R.W. (1991) Tourism, environment and sustainable development. Environmental Conservation 18(3), 201–209. Cernea, M. (ed.) (1985) Putting People First: Sociological Variables in Rural Development. World Bank, Oxford University Press, Washington, DC. Chambers, R. (1983) Rural Development: Putting the Last First. Longman, London. Chodak, S. (1972) From brotherhood to otherhood: some aspects of social change in modernizing rural Africa. Sociologia Ruralis 12(3/4), 302–314. Cohen, J.H. (1999) Cooperation and Community: Economy and Society in Oaxaca. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas. Drumm, A. (1998) New approaches to community-based ecotourism management: learning from Ecuador. In: Lindberg, K., Epler Wood, M. and Engledrum, D. (eds) Ecotourism: A Guide for Planners and Managers, Volume 2, The Ecotourism Society, North Bennington, Vermont, pp. 197–213. Epler Wood, M. (1998a) Meeting the Global Challenge of Community Participation in Ecotourism: Case Studies and Lessons from Ecuador. America Verde Working Papers Number 2. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia. Epler Wood, M. (1998b) New directions in the ecotourism industry. In: Lindberg, K., Epler Wood, M. and Engledrum, D. (eds) Ecotourism: A Guide for Planners and Managers, Volume 2. The Ecotourism Society, North Bennington, Vermont, pp. 45–61. France, L. (ed.) (1997) The Earthscan Reader in Sustainable Tourism. Earthscan, London. Freire, P. (1970) Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Herder and Herder, New York. Galjart, B.F. (1976) Peasant Mobilization and Solidarity van Gorcum, Assen/Amsterdam. Godde, P. (ed.) (1999) Community-based Mountain Tourism: Practices for Linking Conservation with Enterprise: Synthesis of an Electronic Conference of the Mountain Forum, April 13–May 18, 1998. Mountain Forum and The Mountain Institute, Franklin, West Virginia. Green, J.M. (1999) Deep Democracy: Community, Diversity, and Transformation. Rowman & Littlefield, Oxford. Healy, K. and Zorn, E. (1983) Lake Titicaca’s campesino controlled tourism. Grassroots Development 6(2)/7(1), 5–10. Honey, M. (1999) Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? Island Press, Washington, DC. Hunter, C. and Green, H. (1995) Tourism and the Environment. A Sustainable Relationship? Routledge, London. IISD (1999) International Institute for Sustainable Development. Available at: www.iisd.ca/measure/compindex.asp Kaufman, M. and Haroldo Dilla, A. (1997) Community Power and Grassroots Democracy. Zed Books and the International Development Research Centre, London. Kolff, A. and Tohan, A. (1997) Initial Field Study of the Cordillera Huayhuash, Peru: An Evaluation of the Ecotourism Potential in the Area. The Mountain Institute, Huaraz, Peru. Kothari, U. (2001) Power, knowledge, and social control in participatory development. In: Cooke, B. and Kothari, U. (eds) Participation: The New Tyranny. Zed Books, London, pp. 139–152. Langhelle, O. (2000) Why ecological modernisation and sustainable development should
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TOURISM, RECREATION AND SUSTAINABIL
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TOURISM, RECREATION AND SUSTAINABIL
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Contents Contributors Preface to th
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Contributors Kathleen L. Andereck,
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Preface to the 2nd Edition When we
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1 Introduction: Pathways and Pitfal
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S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey 3 1600
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S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey 5 2. Su
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S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey 7 and t
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S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey 9 cause
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S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey 11 acce
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S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey 13 at h
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S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey 15 Shum
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I Frameworks and Approaches STEPHEN
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2 Recreation Ecology in Sustainable
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 21 particularly
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 23 the selection
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 25 Amount of imp
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Table 2.1. Some recent examples of
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 29 Experience an
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 31 tour operator
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 33 References Bl
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 35 national park
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Y.-F. Leung et al. 37 Wall, G. and
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C.P. Dawson 39 the tourism experien
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C.P. Dawson 41 ism, sustainable tou
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C.P. Dawson 43 With these proposed
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Table 3.2. A proposed tourism oppor
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C.P. Dawson 47 level of development
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C.P. Dawson 49 Eagles, P.F.J. and N
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4 Hypothesizing the Shifting Mosaic
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D. Ioannides 53 because ‘to rejec
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D. Ioannides 55 related development
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D. Ioannides 57 including hotel cha
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D. Ioannides 59 the early stages of
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D. Ioannides 61 Acknowledging the n
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Table 4.1. Conflicting development
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Table 4.3. Conflicting development
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D. Ioannides 67 by national or regi
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D. Ioannides 69 further development
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D. Ioannides 71 can be thought of a
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D. Ioannides 73 Issues. Channel Vie
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D. Ioannides 75 (ed.) The Tourism A
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R.J. Payne et al. 77 Background The
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R.J. Payne et al. 79 inland and inc
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R.J. Payne et al. 81 economic, soci
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R.J. Payne et al. 83 auditing focus
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R.J. Payne et al. 85 traditional kn
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R.J. Payne et al. 87 North Communit
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R.J. Payne et al. 89 Table 5.2. For
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Table 5.4. Underlying attitudinal d
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R.J. Payne et al. 93 dimensions and
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R.J. Payne et al. 95 and tourists.
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R.J. Payne et al. 97 Ottawa, Parks
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R.J. Payne et al. 99 Western Lake S
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R.J. Payne et al. 101 Customers’
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6 Development and Evaluation of Sus
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M.E. Johnston and G.D. Twynam 105 b
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M.E. Johnston and G.D. Twynam 107 e
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M.E. Johnston and G.D. Twynam 109
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M.E. Johnston and G.D. Twynam 111 p
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M.E. Johnston and G.D. Twynam 113 b
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M.E. Johnston and G.D. Twynam 115 I
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II Tourism, Place and Community R.
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R.N. Moisey and S.F. McCool 119 to
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7 From ‘Guiding Fiction’ to Act
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A. Gill and P.W. Williams 123 Decli
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A. Gill and P.W. Williams 125 Curre
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A. Gill and P.W. Williams 127 these
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A. Gill and P.W. Williams 129 cal [
Page 142 and 143: 8 Destination and Place Branding: a
Page 144 and 145: U. Jamrozy and J.A. Walsh 133 binat
Page 146 and 147: U. Jamrozy and J.A. Walsh 135 The m
Page 148 and 149: U. Jamrozy and J.A. Walsh 137 their
Page 150 and 151: U. Jamrozy and J.A. Walsh 139 Exist
Page 152 and 153: U. Jamrozy and J.A. Walsh 141 Fan,
Page 154 and 155: J.L. Meyer 143 contrast, is an inta
Page 156 and 157: J.L. Meyer 145 integral to the fiel
Page 158 and 159: J.L. Meyer 147 summer of wildfires
Page 160 and 161: J.L. Meyer 149 affection is for thi
Page 162 and 163: J.L. Meyer 151 These studies reveal
Page 164 and 165: J.L. Meyer 153 Rockies’ gold rush
Page 166 and 167: J.L. Meyer 155 References Barbee, R
Page 168 and 169: J.L. Meyer 157 Schullery, P. (1980)
Page 170 and 171: R.E. Mitchell 159 Defining sustaina
Page 172 and 173: R.E. Mitchell 161 Building upon thi
Page 174 and 175: R.E. Mitchell 163 both culturally a
Page 176 and 177: R.E. Mitchell 165 accommodation on
Page 178 and 179: R.E. Mitchell 167 travel agencies a
Page 180 and 181: R.E. Mitchell 169 somewhat in 1997
Page 182 and 183: R.E. Mitchell 171 over the right to
Page 184 and 185: R.E. Mitchell 173 Impacts The surve
Page 186 and 187: R.E. Mitchell 175 Terrorism: severa
Page 188 and 189: R.E. Mitchell 177 would prefer tour
Page 190 and 191: R.E. Mitchell 179 Dense socio-polit
Page 194 and 195: 11 Local Participation and Attainin
Page 196 and 197: K. Horochowski and R.N. Moisey 185
Page 206 and 207: III Emerging Issues in Culture and
Page 208 and 209: 12 Tourism and Poverty Alleviation:
Page 210 and 211: Dr A. Spenceley 199 Poverty tourism
Page 212 and 213: Dr A. Spenceley 201 developing coun
Page 214 and 215: Dr A. Spenceley 203 Similarly, gene
Page 216 and 217: Dr A. Spenceley 205 by tourism comp
Page 218 and 219: Dr A. Spenceley 207 Although some o
Page 220 and 221: Dr A. Spenceley 209 Tourism Benefit
Page 222 and 223: Dr A. Spenceley 211 The third examp
Page 224 and 225: Table 12.7. Increasing participatio
Page 226 and 227: Dr A. Spenceley 215 They recommend
Page 228 and 229: Dr A. Spenceley 217 Goodwin, H. and
Page 230 and 231: Dr A. Spenceley 219 United Nations/
Page 232 and 233: R. Staiff 221 the Management Plan 2
Page 234 and 235: R. Staiff 223 research to national
Page 236 and 237: R. Staiff 225 within the orbit of
Page 238 and 239: R. Staiff 227 The extensive calligr
Page 240 and 241: R. Staiff 229 crafted details posit
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R. Staiff 231 8 In a provocative es
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R. Staiff 233 determinism) is polit
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R. Staiff 235 Rojek, C. and Urry, J
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K.L. Andereck and N.G. McGehee 237
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Table 14.1. Tourism attitude items
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 261 ment age
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 263 and in t
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 265 Bank, an
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 267 Educatio
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 269 healthy
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 271 1 4 Good
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 273 communit
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 275 The Aust
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 277 Notes ab
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 279 prepared
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A. Trau and R. Bushell 281 from the
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16 Sustainable Tourism in the 21st
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R.N. Moisey and S.F. McCool 285 tou
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R.N. Moisey and S.F. McCool 287 Not
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R.N. Moisey and S.F. McCool 289 wha
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R.N. Moisey and S.F. McCool 291 nat
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Index Aboriginal 220-221, 260-265,
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Index 295 Overseas Development Init
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