The Mayor's Ambient Noise Strategy - Greater London Authority

More documents

Recommendations

Info

The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strategy Mayor of London 163 4E.12 Industrial noise should be primarily controlled at source, through plant design, installation, operation, and maintenance. Good operator training is important. Sources of industrial noise are many and highly varied. Industrial noise can be challenging to predict at the planning stage. Diagnosing the source of annoyance, and designing appropriate solutions can also be difficult. Industrial noise and vibration control is a highly specialised field. Control technologies are often specific to the particular industry. Impulsivity, intermittency and tonality can be particularly disturbing features of industrial noise. Low frequency noise can be especially problematic. Planning Policy Guidance Note ‘Planning and Noise’, PPG24 states that the character of the noise should be taken into account as well as its level, and that ‘sudden impulses, irregular noise or noise which contains a distinguishable continuous tone’ will require special consideration. BS 4142 applies a weighting to the measured or calculated noise level to allow for such characteristics. 4E.13 Issues involved in noise management in industrial development include quieter processes and equipment; plant insulation and absorption, enclosure and screening; ventilation and process extracts; hours of operation; and spatial planning and building insulation. Noise sources requiring similar measures may also be found in commercial and other premises (e.g. air conditioning plant, chillers and extract ventilation plant) - see also Chapter 4F, especially Box 55 and Policy 77. Quieter processes and equipment 4E.14 Noise is produced in many different ways, such as from vibrating surfaces; reverberation or aerodynamic processes, such as from a fan, jet or pump; and impact, which may include first impact and subsequent resonance. Generally, as a first priority, all reasonably practicable steps need to be taken to secure use of the quietest processes and specification of the quietest plant and methods of working, with the aim of designing out noise and vibration at source. European Union Directives increasingly control industrial noise at source, through specifying limits for noise produced by many types of machinery. Noise is particularly difficult to control from open activities, such as scrap metal handling, and sites used for temporary purposes. Plant enclosure and screening 4E.15 Generation of noise and vibration cannot always be avoided with available manufacturing technologies. Transmission of noise and vibration can, however, be controlled. Issues include siting noisy equipment as far as possible from noise-sensitive areas; orienting any plant with strong sound directivity away from noise-sensitive areas; isolation and containment, e.g. using resilient mountings, insulating ductwork, lagging pipework and using acoustic claddings and linings; insulating buildings which house
164 Mayor of London The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strategy machinery; acoustic screening by buildings on the site, including locating vents in the most screened positions; installing noise barriers, such as 3- sided pens for electrical transformers; and using landscaped earth bunds where space is available. Ventilation and process extracts 4E.16 Acoustic enclosure of machinery may give rise to additional requirements for cooling and ventilation. Silencers to inlets and outlets, e.g. to attenuate ventilation fan noise, will frequently be required. Ductwork and pipework can generate as well as transmit noise. ‘Anti-noise’ (see glossary) can be particularly effective when used to cancel noise of a simple and consistent frequency, such as in fan assemblies. Operation and management 4E.17 Good operating and management practices are essential, backed up where necessary with an environmental management system. Regular and effective maintenance can be cost-effective, e.g. avoiding friction wear in conveyor rollers, trolleys and other machinery, and improving balancing to reduce vibration in rotating parts. Regular vibration monitoring of rotating machinery can detect deterioration of bearings, enabling replacement before damaging failure occurs, saving money as well as reducing noise and vibration. Conditions on hours of operation may apply to the whole plant or parts, loading and unloading, or other specified operations. Machinery in intermittent use should, wherever possible, be shut down between work periods. Types of activities may be restricted. Staff training should include use and maintenance of plant, and positioning of mobile equipment. Spatial planning and building design 4E.18 Numerical noise limits may be set at the site boundary or at the nearest noise sensitive location. Guidance is given in BS 4142 1997 for rating industrial noise, and, for mineral workings, in MPG 11: The Control of Noise at Surface Mineral Workings 10 (currently under review 11 ). Recommended noise levels in workshops, offices and other potentially affected uses, are given in BS 8233: 1999 ‘Sound Insulation and Noise Reduction for Buildings’. BS 4142 is the subject of review. 4E.19 Finer-grained land use mixing increases the importance of controlling noise at source. Site entrances and building openings need to be sited away from sensitive receptors, and screened by intervening buildings, structures, or noise barriers. Low frequency noise can travel considerable distances, especially from high level air handling plant. Temperature inversion at night can assist sound propagation. Hums and unusual sounds on the borders of the audible, can arise from gas, electricity, water and other utility plant as well as from industry. Specialist acoustic trouble-
Page 1 and 2:
March 2004 Sounder City The Mayor
Page 3 and 4:
copyright Greater London Authority
Page 5 and 6:
Mayor of London The Mayor’s Ambie
Page 8 and 9:
The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strateg
Page 10 and 11:
Page 12:
Page 15 and 16:
viii Mayor of London The Mayor’s
Page 17 and 18:
x Mayor of London The Mayor’s Amb
Page 19 and 20:
xii Mayor of London The Mayor’s A
Page 21 and 22:
xiv Mayor of London The Mayor’s A
Page 23 and 24:
xvi Mayor of London The Mayor’s A
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30:
Page 33 and 34:
8 Mayor of London The Mayor’s Amb
Page 35 and 36:
10 Mayor of London The Mayor’s Am
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139: The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strateg
Page 174: The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strateg
Page 177 and 178: 152 Mayor of London The Mayor’s A
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320:
Other formats and languages For a l
show all

The Mayor's Ambient Noise Strategy - Greater London Authority

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?