The Mayor's Ambient Noise Strategy - Greater London Authority

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The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strategy Mayor of London 259 Noise Preferential Routes The initial part of Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) which lead from take-off runways to the upper level airways. Pilots of all jet aircraft and larger propeller aircraft are required to follow NPRs up to an altitude of 4,000 feet, unless otherwise instructed by air traffic control (ATC) for safety reasons. Above 4,000 feet, ATC may give pilots a different heading, a practice referred to as vectoring. Adherence to NPRs is monitored at some airports by Noise and Track Keeping systems (see above). Noise Rating (NR) curves A system for quantifying frequencydependent noise levels with a single number. Noise-sensitive Planning Policy Guidance Note 24: Planning and Noise, September 1994, states: ‘The Secretary of State considers that housing, hospitals and schools should generally be regarded as noise-sensitive development, but planning authorities may wish to include other developments or uses within this definition, depending on local circumstances and priorities and, if so, these should be explained in the development plan’ (paragraph 6). In the ‘Code of Practice on Environmental Noise Control at Concerts’ Noise Council, 1995, ‘noisesensitive premises’ includes premises used for residential purposes, hospitals or similar institutions, education establishments (when in use), or places of worship (during recognised times and days of worship), or any premises used for any other purposes likely to be affected by Music Noise. There is no agreed, readily available way of identifying a psychologically ‘noise-sensitive’ population group (last paragraph, Appendix A2). Pascal A unit of pressure corresponding to a force of 1 Newton acting on an area of 1 square metre. Permanent threshold shift See also Temporary threshold shift. If hearing does not recover completely after about 48 hours, the remaining loss is considered to be permanent. There are two categories of permanent threshold shift. Noise-induced or occupational hearing loss is associated with regular exposure to hazardous levels of noise over a long period of time. Hearing loss will be similar in each ear and will initially get worse if exposure to the noise continues. Acoustic trauma can occur when a person is exposed to ‘impulse sound’ a very high sound level for a short period of time, such as due to explosion, or gunfire. Photovoltaics The direct conversion of solar radiation into electricity by the interaction of light with the electrons in a semi-conductor device or cell.
260 Mayor of London The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strategy Point source A sound source which can be idealised as a point in space, such as an opening to a ventilation plant. Precautionary principle Where significant environmental damage may occur, but knowledge on the matter is incomplete, decisions made and measures implemented should err on the side af caution. Pre completion testing (PCT) In the context of Building Regulations on sound transmission, carrying out an on-site acoustic test to ensure that the relevant part of a building meets the required standard before the unit can be considered to have been completed. Presbyacusis Hearing loss due to age. Public Private Partnership (PPP) A partnership between the public and private sectors. Quiet area in an agglomeration Defined by the EU Environmental Noise Directive as an area, delimited by the competent authority, for instance which is not exposed to a value of L den or of another appropriate noise indicator greater than a certain value set by the Member State, from any noise source. Quiet façade Defined in the EU Environmental Noise Directive as a dwelling façade at which the value of L den 4 metres above the ground and 2 metres in front of the façade is more than 20 dB(A) lower than at the façade having the highest value of L den . Smaller differences would, however, also provide benefit. Radio aids These enable people with a suitable microphone to hear signals within spaces such as schools, exhibitions and galleries, although the signal can be subject to interference. Railway bonus It is widely believed that people are less annoyed by rail noise than by a similar level of road noise, particularly at higher levels, although this has been disputed. Rating level The value of L Aeq for the specified time period associated with the relevant industrial noise. Used in BS 4142, including an adjustment for the character of the noise. Reflection The phenomenon by which a sound wave is returned at a boundary between two media, such as from a solid ‘acoustically hard’ building surface.
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