The Mayor's Ambient Noise Strategy - Greater London Authority

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The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strategy Mayor of London 231 World Health Organisation Guidelines The guideline values for community noise published by the World Health Organisation (WHO) cover a wide range of issues, extending beyond ‘ambient noise’. The guidelines follow a precautionary approach, and may be taken in general terms as levels below which adverse effects would not be expected. See: Berglund B, Lindvall T, Schwela D H (editors). ‘Guidelines for Community Noise’ World Health Organisation, Geneva, 1999 http://www.who.int/environmental_information/Noise/ComnoiseExec.htm See also: ‘Environmental Health Criteria 12 - Noise.’ World Health Organisation, Geneva, 1980. Planning Policy Guidance Government planning guidance relevant to noise, issued by departments now within the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (www.odpm.gov.uk), available from The Stationery Office, is referred to below. The Government is reviewing national policy guidance. This includes replacing planning policy guidance notes (PPGs) with national planning policy statements (PPSs). Planning Policy Guidance Note 24 (PPG24) ‘Planning and Noise’ September 1994 PPG24 provides advice to local authorities on ‘how the planning system can be used to minimise the adverse impact of noise without placing unreasonable restrictions on development or adding unduly to the costs and administrative burdens of business’ (paragraph 1). Guidance refers to ‘proportionate and reasonable’ measures to control the source of noise or to limit exposure to it, such measures including: ■ ■ ■ engineering - e.g. using quieter machinery, containing or screening sources, or receptors; layout - e.g. distance, screening by other buildings, or non-critical rooms in a building; administrative - e.g. limiting source operating time, restricting activities on the site, specifying an acceptable noise limit. PPG24 introduced the concept of Noise Exposure Categories (NEC), A to D, which local planning authorities should use when assessing proposals for residential development affected by road, rail, air traffic or mixed sources. Table 14 lists the noise levels used to classify different sites. ■ NEC A sites - ‘Noise need not be considered as a determining factor in granting planning permission, although the noise level at the high end
232 Mayor of London The Mayor’s Ambient Noise Strategy ■ ■ ■ of the category should not be regarded as a desirable level.’ NEC B sites - ‘Noise should be taken into account when determining planning applications and, where appropriate, conditions imposed to ensure an adequate level of protection against noise.’ NEC C sites - ‘Planning permission should not normally be granted. Where it is considered that permission should be given, for example because there are no alternative quieter sites available, conditions should be imposed to ensure a commensurate level of protection against noise.’ NEC D sites - ‘Planning permission should normally be refused.’ Table 14 Noise levels used to determine Noise Exposure Categories (NEC) Noise levels 1 for each Noise Exposure Category, dB L Aeq,T Noise source A B C D Road traffic 07.00-23.00 72 23.00-07.00 2 66 Rail traffic 7.00-23.00 74 23.00-07.00 2 66 Air traffic 3 07.00-23.00 72 23.00-07.00 2 66 Mixed sources 4 07.00-23.00 72 23.00-07.00 2 66 source notes: PPG24 1 The noise levels (L Aeq,T ) used should be representative of typical conditions. 2 Night time noise levels (23.00-07.00): sites where individual noise events regularly exceed 82 dB L Amax (S time weighting) several times in any hour, should be treated as NEC C, regardless of L Aeq,8h (except where L Aeq,8h puts the site in NEC D). 3 Aircraft noise: daytime values accord with the contour values adopted by the Department of Transport which relate to levels measured 1.2m above open ground. For the same amount of noise energy, contour values can be up to 2 dB(A) higher than those of other sources because of ground reflection effects. 4 Mixed sources: this refers to any combination of road, rail, air and industrial noise sources. The ‘mixed source’ values are based on the lowest numerical values of single source limits in the table. See PPG24 for details. PPG24 recognises that schools contain buildings and activities which are noise-sensitive, but that they are likely to contain a proportion of buildings and activities which are less noise-sensitive. Less noise-sensitive areas such as storerooms or corridors can ‘buffer’ classrooms from some noise sources. PPG24 recognises that hospitals contain buildings and
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