Cynwydion, once a very powerful pr<strong>in</strong>ce <strong>in</strong> Edeyrnion, but spent <strong>the</strong> latter end <strong>of</strong> his life <strong>in</strong> a hermitage.English name — Primeill.Doldrew<strong>in</strong>. — Some are <strong>of</strong> op<strong>in</strong>ion that <strong>the</strong> name refers to <strong>the</strong> druidical circles, rema<strong>in</strong>s <strong>of</strong> which are nowseen <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> village. Dol, a meadow; drew<strong>in</strong>, a corruption <strong>of</strong> derwydd, a druid. English name — Druid'sMeadow.Derwen Las. — Derwen, an oak; las-glas, green. English name — Greenoak.Dolgelley. — Dol, a meadow, a pla<strong>in</strong>, dale; gelley is derived by some from celli, a grove. The name is quite<strong>in</strong> correspondence with <strong>the</strong> physical aspect <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> town, which is situate <strong>in</strong> a fertile vale between <strong>the</strong> riversAran <strong>and</strong> Wnion, <strong>and</strong> surrounded on all sides by l<strong>of</strong>ty <strong>and</strong> thickly-wooded mounta<strong>in</strong>s. We ra<strong>the</strong>r th<strong>in</strong>k thatgelley is a corruption <strong>of</strong> collen, hazel-tree, from <strong>the</strong> abundance <strong>of</strong> hazel-wood <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> district. English name —Hazeldale.D<strong>in</strong>as Mawddwy. — A small <strong>place</strong>, although dignified with <strong>the</strong> name d<strong>in</strong>as, a city. In olden times it was <strong>the</strong>capital <strong>of</strong> an extensive lordship, preserv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>signia <strong>of</strong> power, <strong>the</strong> stocks <strong>and</strong> whipp<strong>in</strong>g-post, <strong>the</strong> feg fawr,or great fetter, <strong>the</strong> mace, <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ard measure. Mawddwy, broad water. English name — Broadwater.Dugoed. — Du, black; goed-coed, wood. English name — Blackwood.Ffest<strong>in</strong>iog. — Edmunds derives <strong>the</strong> name from mesen, an acorn, <strong>and</strong> wg, a district. O<strong>the</strong>rs derive it from <strong>the</strong>Lat<strong>in</strong> Fest<strong>in</strong>o, which, it is supposed, was bestowed upon it by <strong>the</strong> Romans when <strong>the</strong>y took up <strong>the</strong>ir abodehere. Dr. O. Pughe traces it to <strong>the</strong> Welsh ffest<strong>in</strong>io, to hasten. The pedestrian was obliged to hasten through<strong>the</strong> <strong>place</strong> if he dest<strong>in</strong>ed to cross <strong>the</strong> mounta<strong>in</strong>s <strong>and</strong> reach Bala or Ysbytty ere be<strong>in</strong>g enveloped <strong>in</strong> darkness.We ra<strong>the</strong>r th<strong>in</strong>k <strong>the</strong> name is allied with penffest<strong>in</strong>, a helmet. Penffest<strong>in</strong>iog, wear<strong>in</strong>g a helmet. The name,<strong>the</strong>refore, implies a district possess<strong>in</strong>g fortified <strong>place</strong>s. English name — Helmetton.Glyndyfrdwy. — Glyn, glen; dyfrdwy, <strong>the</strong> name <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> river that flows through it. Various explanations havebeen given <strong>of</strong> Dyfrdwy. Some derive it from dwfr-dwy-afon, <strong>the</strong> water <strong>of</strong> two rivers; o<strong>the</strong>rs ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> it is amutation <strong>of</strong> dwfr-du, black water; accord<strong>in</strong>g to o<strong>the</strong>rs it is a corruption <strong>of</strong> Dwrdd~gwy, <strong>the</strong> roar<strong>in</strong>g water.Ano<strong>the</strong>r derivation is y drydedd wy, <strong>the</strong> third river: Cynwy (Conway), be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> first river; Elwy, <strong>the</strong> secondriver; <strong>and</strong> Drydwy, <strong>the</strong> third river from Arvon to Engl<strong>and</strong> that emptied <strong>the</strong>mselves <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> sea before reach<strong>in</strong>gChester. The most popular derivation is dyfr-dwy (f), <strong>the</strong> goddess' water, or <strong>the</strong> water <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> div<strong>in</strong>ity, from <strong>the</strong>supposition that its waters were held <strong>in</strong> superstitious veneration by <strong>the</strong> Kymry. English name — Glendee.Gwyddelwern. — Gwyddel, a man <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> woods; gwern y alder trees. Alder wood, perchance, abounded <strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong> district, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> early <strong>in</strong>habitants probably were obliged to build <strong>the</strong>ir hut-homes <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> woods. Or,perhaps, it means <strong>the</strong> alders <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Irish, <strong>in</strong>dicat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> <strong>place</strong> where a b<strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> Irishmen were defeated. Dr. O.Pughe translates <strong>the</strong> word thus: "A moor or meadow overgrown with bushes," which signification tallies wellwith <strong>the</strong> bushy aspect <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>place</strong>* We also f<strong>in</strong>d Y Wern Ddu, black moor, <strong>and</strong> Ty'nywern, <strong>the</strong> house on <strong>the</strong>moor, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> district. English name — Bushl<strong>and</strong>.Harlech. — In ancient times <strong>the</strong> castle was known by <strong>the</strong> <strong>names</strong> <strong>of</strong> Twr Bronwen, Bronwen's Tower, fromBronwen, <strong>the</strong> White-necked, sister to Bran ap Llyr, k<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> Brita<strong>in</strong>; <strong>and</strong> Caer Collwyn, from Collwyn ap Tango,one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fifteen tribes <strong>of</strong> North Wales, <strong>and</strong> lord <strong>of</strong> Eifionydd, Ardudwy, <strong>and</strong> part <strong>of</strong> Lleyn. When Edward I.built <strong>the</strong> present castle it was denom<strong>in</strong>ated, accord<strong>in</strong>g to some, Arlech, from its situation on <strong>the</strong> rock, orHarddlech, <strong>the</strong> fair or f<strong>in</strong>e rock or stone. The county is exceed<strong>in</strong>gly rich <strong>in</strong> cromlechs <strong>and</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e stonemonuments. A traveller, <strong>in</strong> climb<strong>in</strong>g an adjacent hill, may observe several me<strong>in</strong>i hirion, <strong>and</strong> circles formed <strong>of</strong>large common pebble-stones. English name — Beaurock.Ll<strong>and</strong>anwg. — From Tanwg, son <strong>of</strong> I<strong>the</strong>l Hael, <strong>and</strong> a sa<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sixth century. Tanwg means lowl<strong>and</strong>.English name — Downchurch.Ll<strong>and</strong>ecwyn. — From Tecwyn, son <strong>of</strong> I<strong>the</strong>l Hael, <strong>and</strong> a sa<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sixth century. Two lakes <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> parish,Tecwyn Ucha <strong>and</strong> Tecwyn Isa, bear his name. Some derive tecwyn thus — teg, far; gwyn, white, lovely. LlynTecwyn is near <strong>the</strong> village, whose waters are <strong>of</strong> crystall<strong>in</strong>e clearness. English name — Fairchurch.Ll<strong>and</strong>r<strong>in</strong>io. — Tr<strong>in</strong>io y a descendant <strong>of</strong> Emyr Llydaw, is supposed to have been <strong>the</strong> founder <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> church,Tr<strong>in</strong>io probably comes from tr<strong>in</strong>, which means a battle or combat; tr<strong>in</strong>io, to meddle, to manage. English name— Strifeton.Orig<strong>in</strong> <strong>of</strong> Place-<strong>names</strong> <strong>in</strong> Wales & Monmouthshire Page 73
Ll<strong>and</strong>dwywe. — From Dwywau, a descendant <strong>of</strong> Emyr Llydaw, <strong>and</strong> a sa<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sixth century. Englishname — Bichurch.Llanfihangel-y-Traethau. — The Parish Church is dedicated to St. Michael, <strong>and</strong> is situated near <strong>the</strong> twobeaches, called Y Traeth Bach <strong>and</strong> Traeth Mawr* English name — Beachton.Llanfor. — Some th<strong>in</strong>k <strong>the</strong> church is dedicated to Mor Meirion. The right word<strong>in</strong>g, perhaps, is Llai-mor, <strong>the</strong>great church. English name — Bigchurch.Llangar. — The right word probably is Llan y Gar, which means <strong>the</strong> fortress church. The church is near anancient fortress called Caerwern; hence its name. English name — Forton.Llangower. — Gower is a corruption <strong>of</strong> Gwawr mo<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> Llywarch Hen, <strong>and</strong> a sa<strong>in</strong>t, to whom <strong>the</strong> church isdedicated. English name — Dawnton.Llanuwchllyn. — The name <strong>in</strong>dicates a clear<strong>in</strong>g above <strong>the</strong> lake. The village is situated on <strong>the</strong> left, a shortdistance above Tegid lake. English name Lakechurch.Ll<strong>and</strong>derfel. — From Derfel Gaemrn, a celebrated warrior <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sixth century. The church was remarkablefor a vast wooden image <strong>of</strong> Derfel, which was <strong>the</strong> subject <strong>of</strong> much superstition <strong>in</strong> olden times. English name— Dervelton.Ll<strong>and</strong>rillo. — From Trillo, son <strong>of</strong> I<strong>the</strong>l. Trillo's Well is near <strong>the</strong> village. English name Trilchurch.Llanfro<strong>the</strong>n. — From Bro<strong>the</strong>n, son <strong>of</strong> Ileli Glanawg, <strong>and</strong> a popular sa<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sixth century. English name— Bro<strong>the</strong>nton.Llangelyn<strong>in</strong>. — From Celyn<strong>in</strong>, son <strong>of</strong> Heli Glanawg. English name— Hollyton.Llanegryn. — Egryn, a sa<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> seventh century, is supposed to have founded <strong>the</strong> church. English name— Fearton.Llanwr<strong>in</strong>. — From Gwrh<strong>in</strong>, son <strong>of</strong> Cynddil supposed sa<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sixth century. English name Manby.Llanelltyd. — From Illtyd, one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most celebrated <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Welsh sa<strong>in</strong>ts. English name— Iltutid.Llanfer<strong>in</strong>. — Mer<strong>in</strong> y a descendant <strong>of</strong> Sei<strong>the</strong>n; was recorded to have been <strong>the</strong> founder <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> church.English name — Mer<strong>in</strong>ton.Llanbedr. — The church is dedicated to St. Peter. This neighbourhood, accord<strong>in</strong>g to some historians, formsa part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Cantref y Gwaelod, <strong>the</strong> lowl<strong>and</strong> hundred. English name — Peterschurch.Llanaber. — The church st<strong>and</strong>s on <strong>the</strong> south extremity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> pla<strong>in</strong> <strong>of</strong> Ardudwy, with<strong>in</strong> about a furlong from<strong>the</strong> sea. English name — Seaton.Llanymawddwy. — The church <strong>and</strong> village are situated at <strong>the</strong> base <strong>of</strong> Aran Fawddwy. English name —Broadwater.Llanycil. — The name <strong>in</strong>dicates a church built <strong>in</strong> a sequestered <strong>place</strong>. English name — Nookchurch.Llanerchfydda. — Fydda is probably a corruption <strong>of</strong> byda, a beehive. The name <strong>in</strong>dicates a noted <strong>place</strong> forbees. English name — Beesham.Llwyn. — A village <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> parish <strong>of</strong> Llanegryn. The name means a bush. English name — Bushton.Llwyngwril. — Llwyn, bush; gwril, perhaps an abbreviation <strong>of</strong> gwriah a heroic act, a combat. Some rema<strong>in</strong>s<strong>of</strong> druidical circles <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> an old encampment are still visible <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> parish. English name — Braveton.Maentwrog. — So called from <strong>the</strong> memorial stone <strong>of</strong> Twrogy a celebrated British sa<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fifth century,which still rema<strong>in</strong>s at one angle <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> church. English name— Towerston.Orig<strong>in</strong> <strong>of</strong> Place-<strong>names</strong> <strong>in</strong> Wales & Monmouthshire Page 74
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HANDBOOK OF THE ORIGIN OF PLACE-NAM
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§ § § § §The Author begs to st
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pitiful cries of the railway offici
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Bishop Percy says that "in England,
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The city of Chester is still popula
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There's Cumwhitton, Cumwhinton, Cum
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Llwyn in its primary' sense means a
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PLACE-NAMES IN WALES.Wales. — The
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Church are generally dedicated to e
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think he was a contemporary of St.
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Rhosbeirio. — Rhos, a moor, a dry
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of Brecknock," states that this vic
- Page 25 and 26: Cam cnwir ef Cwmdu,Cwm gwyn yw & n
- Page 27 and 28: Penderyn. — A corruption probably
- Page 29 and 30: Ardudwy. — Ar, upon or above; tud
- Page 31 and 32: to mark its pre-eminence over the o
- Page 33 and 34: Some think that eirw is a corruptio
- Page 35 and 36: present form — Caerfyrddin.Abergw
- Page 37 and 38: place of refuge; hence the name. En
- Page 39 and 40: Llansawyl. — The church was dedic
- Page 41 and 42: eject. The village took its name fr
- Page 43 and 44: house, and attempted to kill an inf
- Page 45 and 46: Gwydir. — Prima facie one may tak
- Page 47 and 48: Nefyn. — The church was probably
- Page 49 and 50: DENBIGHSHIRE.Anglicized form of Din
- Page 51 and 52: Llangollen. — From Collen, a sain
- Page 53 and 54: hands into their pockets to pay a c
- Page 55 and 56: Cefn. — The name signifies a ridg
- Page 57 and 58: Maesgarmon. — Named in honour of
- Page 59 and 60: Abertridwr. — Tridwr, three water
- Page 61 and 62: it is said, was originally built by
- Page 63 and 64: Cwmllynfell. — Cwm, a narrow vale
- Page 65 and 66: Gwarycaeau. — Gwdr, the nape of t
- Page 67 and 68: means a cultivated region, a vale,
- Page 69 and 70: Penrhiwfer.- Pen, head, top; rhiw,
- Page 71 and 72: Port Talbot. — So called in 1835
- Page 73 and 74: Trealaw. — This appellation was g
- Page 75: Aberdyfi. — So called from its si
- Page 79 and 80: Crickhowell and some in the directi
- Page 81 and 82: Griffithstown. — This village was
- Page 83 and 84: and gwy, water. Treiddiod troth tna
- Page 85 and 86: derive Tintern from din, fortified
- Page 87 and 88: Caersws. — It appears that the Ro
- Page 89 and 90: English name — Ervylton.Llanymech
- Page 91 and 92: Angle. — Probably from the angle-
- Page 93 and 94: Gellyswick. — Another hybrid. Gel
- Page 95 and 96: that the two rivers in their flowin
- Page 97 and 98: ecame the bishop of the see, and wa
- Page 99 and 100: earth formerly stood on a summit on
- Page 101 and 102: Pilleth. — A corruption of pwll,
- Page 103 and 104: Howells, Rev. J., Mountain AshHowel
- Page 105 and 106: Williams, D., PenywernWilliams, Rev