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A V/C ratio of 1.0 or less indicates a satisfactory level of traffic, while a V/C ratioabove 1.0 indicates the onset of congested conditons. A more general measure oftraffic operations was given by the average speed of travel on different classes ofroad in the districts through which the project passed. An overall objective of therecommended transport strategy was to achieve average speeds of at least thoseprevailing in the Study base year, by means of highway projects and trafficmanagement measures (discussed in Chapter 9).Project Name8.2Link No.inFigure 6.2(A) HONG KONG ISLANDRoute 7—Sai Ying Pun to Aberdeen ' 1Route 7—Centra! and Wan Chas Bypass 2iEC Link—Causeway Bay to Wan Chai 3Route 81—Aberdeen Tunnel to Stanley 4Route 81—Stanley to Chai Wan 5Additional Tube to CHT and Approach (Argyle Street to Gloucester Road) 6Western Harbour Crossing (part of Route 3) 7Gloucester Road Westbound Flyover over Tunnel Exit 8Second Ap Lei Chau Bridge 9(B) KOWLOONEast KowSoon Corridor Improvement (Hung Horn to Kowloon Bay) (or alternatively 10upgraded Hung Horn Bypass plus Second Airport Tunnel)Hung Horn By-pass (Salisbury Road to fVSa Tau Kok Road) 11Gascoigne Road Improvement (Ferry Street to Princess Margaret Road) (or alternatively 12convert the existing Gascoigne Road flyover to one way eastbound and add a two laneflyover along Jordan Road for westbound traffic)Waterloo Road Extension (Ferry Street to West Kowloon Expressway) 13West Kowloon Expressway (Western Harbour Crossing to Ching Cheung Road) (part of 14Route 3)Lung Cheung Road Improvement (Ching Cheung Road to New Clearwater Bay Road) 15Elevated Road along Boundary Street (Kai Tak to Las Chi Kok Road) 16Boundary Street Extension to West Kowloon Expressway 17Tonkin Street Extension to West Kowloon Expressway 18Waterloo Road Improvements (from Argyle Street to Lung Cheung Road) 19Additional Lion Rock Tunnel and Associated Works 20(C) NEW TERRITORIESAu Tau-Lam Kam New Road 21Tuen Mun Bypass 22T6 (Sha Tin) Improvement (Tolo Highway to T5) 23T7/P8 corridor (MOS) Improvement (T5 to MOS Town Centre) 24Route 16—Sha Tin to Lai Chi Kok 25Route 5—Section Between Shek Wai Kok and Chai Wan Kok 26Route 42—Hiram's Highway Improvements, Remaining Stages (Clear Water Bay Roadto Sai Kung)27Part of Route 3 between NWNT and Kwai Chung 28Improvements to Kwai Chung Road South (Phase II and SIS) (part of Route 3) 29New Road from Man Kam To to the New Territories Circular Road, west of Sheung Shui 30Widening of NTCR (from Au Tau to Fan Kam Road) 31Further Widening of Tai Po Road (from Lung Cheung Road to Sha Tin) 32Economic Evaluation6.4.3 The economic evaluation compared the costs of each project in economic termswith the anticipated benefits of the project to the community. The results wereexpressed in the ratio of annual economic benefits of the project at the year ofoperation to the total economic costs, termed the Single Year Rate of Return102
(SYRR). The economic costs of a highway project comprised construction cost andeconomic land cost. The latter reflected the opportunity cost to the society ofdiverting the land required for the project away from its best alternative use. Theeconomic benefits of having a highway project in piace generally consisted ofpassenger time and vehicle operating cost savings due to reduced travel distanceand increased traffic speed.Environmental Considerations6.4.4 It is not possible to treat the environmental aspects of new highways, for instancetraffic noise, air pollution, visual intrusion, fully in a strategic study such as CTS-2.Analysis of these impacts requires detailed studies taking into account localconditions and design details which are not yet known. Nevertheless, candidatehighway projects were classified according to the degree of environmental sensitivityand additional construction costs were included for works to ameliorate traffic noiseimpacts. It is recognised that more should be done to investigate environmentalimpacts, but this is the task of the detailed feasibility studies required for eachrecommended project (see paragraph 6.10.15).Computer Testing6.4.5 The evaluation of highway projects was carried out in a sequence of computer tests,refining the highway strategy at each stage. The sequence of tests is described inChapter 2.Evaluation Results6.4.6 Table 6.3 summarises the construction cost and economic evaluation result for eachof the highway projects recommended for inclusion in the transport investmentprogramme. Traffic operation analysis results in terms of daily flows and V/C ratiosin the morning peak hour are also shown in the table.6.4.7 For the purpose of CTS-2, projects having an economic Single Year Rate of Returngreater than 4% are considered worthwhile projects for investment. The economicanalysis was carried out for the year 1996 for evaluation purposes. Rather thanreporting specific values, returns are classified in Table 6.3 as follows:SYRRLow below 4%Medium 4%-8%High above 8%6.5 RouteSOnly the evaluation of major highway projects is presented in this chapter./6.5.1 Route 3 refers to the north-south trunk route starting from the western end of HongKong Island and routed through West Kowioon, Kwai Chung and Tsing Yi up toYuen Long. It consists of several major sections including Western HarbourCrossing, West Kowioon Expressway, Kwai Chung and Tsing Yi section and the YauKom Tau to Yuen Long section.Route 3 (Western Harbour Crossing)6/5.2 The Western Harbour Crossing (WHC) is a proposed 6-lane tunnel connecting the'/ West Kowioon Reclamation with the western end of Hong Kong Island. It isexpected to carry 26% of all cross-harbour traffic in 1996 at a V/C ratio of 0.6,increasing to 39% in 2001 at a V/C ratio of 1.0. Most of the growth in cross-harbourtraffic between 1996 and 2001 is expected to occur on the WHC.103
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THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONGLIBRARIE
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EPPrinted and Published by the Gove
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CONTENTSPage6. OF 966.1 Introductio
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Page3.1 Licensed Vehicles 1976-1988
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FIGURES_Page1.1 Special Character o
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Page1.1 Second Comprehensive Transp
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TRANSPORTPER UNIT OF GDPCars Per Th
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KCR Double Tracking &\ Electrificat
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1.2 The Second Comprehensive Transp
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1.2.17 The way in which these recla
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ANNEX1.1Terms of Reference(1) To pr
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2.2.1 introduction2.1.1 This chapte
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2.2: OF THEPROJECTS AND POLICIESFOR
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Transport Networks2.5.2 Description
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2.6.11 Operational Evaluation—The
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3.1GO OLicensed Vehicle Fleets (a]P
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Table 3.3 VEHICLE(Dollars per year)
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3.2.7 The car and motorcycle fleet
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3.2.14 The non-van goods vehicle fl
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3.2.23 Use of Light Vans as Private
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3.3 Road Usage and Road Constructio
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FIGURE 3.11:TRAFFIC IN URBAN HONG K
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FIGURE 3.14:TRAFFIC IN THE NEW TERR
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Table 3.6 CROSS HARBOUR TUNNEL TOLL
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3.5 Public Transport Patronage3.5.1
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3.5.4 The growth in rail transport
Page 54 and 55: taxi productivity. The average paid
Page 56 and 57: 4.4.1 introduction4.1.1 Demand for
Page 58 and 59: Table 4.2DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION
Page 60 and 61: AreaTable 4.4Hong Kong islandKowioo
Page 62 and 63: 4.2.14 An additional 425 000 jobs i
Page 64 and 65: 4.3(1986-2001)Growth Over 1988Perio
Page 66 and 67: included in the financial costs. Pe
Page 68 and 69: 4.5 International Traffic4.5.1 Proj
Page 70 and 71: Cross Border Rail Passenger Traffic
Page 72 and 73: Table 4.17IN(1971-1989)HighwayPrice
Page 74 and 75: contribution of Government equity t
Page 76 and 77: 5. FORECASTS OF THE TRANSPORT SCENE
Page 78 and 79: FIGURE 5.2:PROJECTED DAILY TRIP MAK
Page 80 and 81: FIGURE 5.3: 1986 GENERATIONS AND AT
Page 82 and 83: FIGURE 5.5: PERSON TRAVEL DEMAND(CO
Page 84 and 85: Table 5.4PROJECTIONS OF DAILY TRIP
Page 86 and 87: Table 5.5 SCHEDULED PUBLIC BY(thous
Page 88 and 89: • FANLING/SHEUNG SHUIRMA ON SHANH
Page 90 and 91: Cars and taxis 1.00Minibus/Special
Page 92 and 93: LEGEND V/C Ratio Range• 1.1 - 1.2
Page 94 and 95: •Vf'rLEGEND V/C Ratio Range> 1.1
Page 96 and 97: FIGURE 5.13:TRAFFIC SPEEDS BY ROAD
Page 98 and 99: 6. OF6.1 Introduction6.1.1 This cha
Page 100 and 101: LEGENDMajor Committed Road ProjectK
Page 102 and 103: LEGENDCandidate Road ProjectKowloon
Page 106 and 107: Table 6.3 SUMMARY OF HIGHWAY PORJEC
Page 108 and 109: 6.5.1 2 The traffic implications of
Page 110 and 111: 6.5.27 it is estimated that traffic
Page 112 and 113: 6.7 and Airport Tunnel6.7.1 The Hun
Page 114 and 115: 6.9.5 Conclusions— This is likely
Page 116 and 117: 6.4(1988 Prices)ProjectLocFinancial
Page 118 and 119: sufficient detail to permit compute
Page 120 and 121: LEGENDMTR £_EHC LRT(under vL} cons
Page 122 and 123: 7.1Peak TramHong KongTramwaysKowloo
Page 124 and 125: MTR/KCR Interchange7.2.14 A key tra
Page 126 and 127: day, particularly in the peak hour.
Page 128 and 129: Impacts on Urban Development7.3.28
Page 130 and 131: 7.4.2 The East Kowloon Line would s
Page 132 and 133: 7.4.1 2 Both the financial return a
Page 134 and 135: 7.5.17 Patronage and economic resul
Page 136 and 137: Rail Operations7.6.15 Two proposals
Page 138 and 139: passenger services. Also, while lig
Page 140 and 141: .S.Bi ne economic evaluation or tne
Page 142 and 143: Conclusions7.9.15 At the projected
Page 144 and 145: 7.11.4 With an extension to Star Fe
Page 146 and 147: 7.13.7 It is estimated that the LRT
Page 148 and 149: Conclusions7.14.13 Both harbour cro
Page 150 and 151: 7.15.14 Financial support for the n
Page 152 and 153: FIGURE 8.1: PASSENGER TRANSPORT BY
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Railways8.2.6 Rail services began t
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Table 8.2PROJECTED DEMAND FOR SCHED
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FANLING/SHEUNG SHUIYUENLONGMA ON SH
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severe on the MTR island Line where
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8.4.10 The KCR main Sine is expecte
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Cross Harbour Bus Operations8.5.9 T
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8.7.3 In the New Territories, the r
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ail corridor is now operating at fu
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urban area, the short term means of
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(2) More vehicles are required to d
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are classified under Vehicle Owners
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9.5.5 Supplementary Licences—Thes
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9.5.19 Controls are required on bot
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Park and Hide9.6.4 This policy prom
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Alternative Scenarios for the Evalu
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9.7.18 Thus although the Centra! ec
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9.3 INNumber of vehs (thous)CarsTax
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Table 9.4ON(Increases in goods vehi
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9.11.3 The specific scheme chosen w
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Table 9.5(Similar to Scheme B inves
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traffic assessments. If the increas
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10 ON10.1 Introduction10.1.1 This c
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10.2.9 There are clearly some possi
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Railway Funding10.3.11 An expenditu
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Private Car Controls10.5.9 It is re
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c:,LEGEND V/C Ratio Range1.1 - 1.2>
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10.6.4 Several roads are projected
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o1991 Committed1996 Recommended Str
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operation and operator. Much depend
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ANNEX 10.1PROJECTIONS OF THE VEHICL
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ANNEX 10.4BY(thousand vehicles per
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TOC
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