Peak Oil Task Force Report - City of Bloomington - State of Indiana

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fertility inputs and yields of surplus biomass would need to be harvested from non‐ croplands throughout the region. Assuming that most of the 60 percent of the region's land area not in prime farmland is wooded or could be sown to compost crops, it is likely that a regenerative agricultural system for the region could be designed and implemented given sufficient cooperation and willingness. Of course, the best innovative techniques for soil fertility management and biointensive production should be employed. Yet, even without these potential improvements to productivity, it seems likely that the region could feed itself if other factors of production could be mobilized. Factors Which Moderate Food Demand While we’ve determined that the agricultural land base of Bloomington’s seven‐county region is sufficient to provide Bloomington and its neighbors with a healthy diet, we’ve come to this conclusion in light of the following factors which moderate local food demand. 1. Many students at Indiana University and other area colleges depart the region for travel, study, or to return home to family during breaks, reducing by several percentage points the food requirements of the area. In the event that food shortages emerge as a chronic social condition, the resident population may be reduced as students seek refuge with their families in other parts of the state or the nation. 2. The American diet is widely acknowledged to be excessive and most people could live better and longer on somewhat less food. Sugars and bad fats could be reduced with an expected increase in health, and perhaps less hunger, as these empty calories often strip the body of nutrients and leave it craving even more food. 3. Much less meat and dairy in the diet could be anticipated in the event of extreme conditions. Price increases for these energy‐ and land‐intensive foods will tend to reduce consumption, even absent shortages. This change alone would dramatically reduce the amount of land required to feed the regional population of 350,000. 4. Conventional American agriculture uses little labor but much land, energy, and capital. Home gardening produces 2‐7 times as much food per acre as commercial farming. Jeavons' biointensive gardening methods produce 11 times the fruits and vegetables per unit of land as conventional American agriculture. (Indeed, using Jeavons’ method, Jules Dervaes and his family raise 6,000 lbs. of food annually on Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil Task Force 186
one‐fifth of an acre in Pasadena, California.) 236 In conclusion, arable land available within the City of Bloomington alone (as much as 8,000 acres, or upwards of 5,000 square feet per resident) is potentially sufficient to meet most of the vegetable, fruit, egg, and some poultry requirements of city residents were it to be cultivated to the maximum extent possible using the most productive and intensive garden‐scale methods. 236 http://www.pathtofreedom.com/about/urbanhomestead.shtml Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil Task Force 187
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Redefining Prosperity: Energy Desce
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This report is dedicated to Colin J
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Preface Our society is reaching a t
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Oil infuses just
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Transportation. Of all sectors, tra
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Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil
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The “Hubbert Curve.” Decades ag
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Other observers believe that peak o
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solutions 20 years before the peak
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What’s more, it is highly unlikel
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Biofuels Some believe that it will
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THE BLOOMINGTON PEAK OIL TASK FORCE
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ENDORSEMENT OF THE OIL DEPLETION PR
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NEXT STEPS This Report outlines a n
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THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT The enormous e
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Inflation and Volatility It will be
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Daily changes in the spot price of
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Daly writes: That was when I realiz
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instead of the old notion that “b
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Fuel Rationing As we collectively s
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES Follo
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• Local government should collabo
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transit and pedestrian and biking f
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On the other hand, there is probabl
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• all City traffic signals have b
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THIRSTY WATER: THE WATER SUPPLY Sin
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Water Treatment Treatment of water
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES A com
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2. Advocate a tiered pricing system
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4. Offer other efficiency incentive
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MEDIUMTERM (5‐15 years) 1. Expl
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WASTE DISPOSAL: THE DETRITUS OF CON
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89,582 tons of garbage in 2007. 84
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES SHORT
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MEDIUMTERM STRATEGIES (515 year
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Re‐establishing a local landfill
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2. Transition all backup generato
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POLICE, FIRE & OTHER EMERGENCY SERV
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3. There is a potential for increas
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MEDIUMTERM (515 years) 1. The P
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OTHER EMERGENCY SERVICES Non‐rout
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FLEET & STREET: CARBON WEBS & ASPHA
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In an effort to save money, reduce
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esidents who work from home, howeve
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MAINTAINING CITY STREETS Everything
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MEDIUM TERM (515 Years) 1. Reduce
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As summarized by Pat Murphy in Plan
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just to cover the cost of vehicle m
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REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION: PA
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About the Activity Nodes Project In
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MAP B: Population Density Report of
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Natural Neighborhoods One key step
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VULNERABILITIES 1. When it comes to
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3. Include plans for peak oil in th
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MEDIUMTERM (515 years) 1. Trans
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Both the City of Bloomington and Mo
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5. Build in physical separation buf
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REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION: VM
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Oil & Equity: The Impact of Fuel Co
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Fuel as Percentage of Income 100.00
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The Distance Factor The greater the
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Pedestrian Friendliness Just how
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MAP E: WalkScore Analysis of 55 Nat
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THE CURRENT SITUATION: PUBLIC TRANS
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Hoosier Bus Hoosier Bus is Indiana
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BT owns 42 conventional diesel buse
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MAP F: Walkability of Bloomington T
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5. Intercity rail is not available.
Page 148 and 149: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES In th
Page 150 and 151: 2. Develop a community cooperative
Page 152 and 153: The City should establish or encour
Page 154 and 155: 6. Update the LongRange Transport
Page 156 and 157: Make bike riding on major arterials
Page 158 and 159: 11. Seek greater public investment
Page 160 and 161: 13. Fully unify the BT and campus b
Page 162 and 163: 15. Establish public or private lon
Page 164 and 165: LONGTERM (1530 years) 1. Shrink
Page 166 and 167: REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION Hou
Page 168 and 169: Number of People per Square Foot Wh
Page 170 and 171: Local Incentives The community has
Page 172 and 173: VULNERABILITIES 1. Potential for po
Page 174 and 175: 5. Restrictive covenants on use of
Page 176 and 177: 2. The community should explore the
Page 178 and 179: Granny flats In Bloomington, there
Page 180 and 181: 7. Actively work to grow building e
Page 182 and 183: 10. Educate and motivate citizens t
Page 184 and 185: SUSTENANCE: FOOD, WATER, WASTE & HE
Page 186 and 187: Indeed, it is estimated that the U.
Page 188 and 189: Local Food Production Efforts to pr
Page 190 and 191: The Current U.S. Diet Americans eat
Page 192 and 193: Regional Land and Population The pr
Page 194 and 195: Can Bloomington Feed Itself? Feedin
Page 196 and 197: population maintained health, while
Page 200 and 201: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES: PLAN
Page 202 and 203: SHORTTERM STRATEGIES (15 Years)
Page 204 and 205: 10. Train and deploy 300 new urban
Page 206 and 207: 12. The City and other stakeholders
Page 208 and 209: 23. Reserve open land for agricultu
Page 210 and 211: 11. Establish a credible local fina
Page 212 and 213: Households can contribute significa
Page 214 and 215: 4. Collect rainwater In addition to
Page 216 and 217: and paper. Sources include househol
Page 218 and 219: HEALTH CARE The implications of pea
Page 220 and 221: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES: RE
Page 222 and 223: The Fourth Layer: Professional Care
Page 224 and 225: Opportunities for Citizen Action: W
Page 226 and 227: • Use power strips for your home
Page 228 and 229: State and utility residential renew
Page 230 and 231: CONCLUSION The peaking of productio
Page 232 and 233: GILBERT, Richard, and Anthony Perl.
Page 234 and 235: PIMENTEL, David, ed. Biofuels, Sola
Page 236 and 237: ENERGY WATCH GROUP. “Coal: Resour
Page 238 and 239: APPENDICES
Page 240 and 241: argued by Brown to dramatically dec
Page 242 and 243: In general, the trend has been for
Page 244 and 245: Unfortunately, stated coal R/P rati
Page 246 and 247: during World War I, then falling as
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Although the prevailing sense among
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The following projection of future
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asserted, “Consequently, our pres
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The following graph from the Associ
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APPENDIX IV Vehicle Ownership per P
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Stephanie Kimball is a former Profe
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Peak Oil Task Force Report - City of Bloomington - State of Indiana

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