Peak Oil Task Force Report - City of Bloomington - State of Indiana

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GILBERT, Richard, and Anthony Perl. Transport Revolutions: Moving People and Freight Without Oil. London: Earthscan, 2008. Asserts that, in the future, land transportation will shift toward movement by grid‐connected electric vehicles, while air travel and air freight will go into severe decline. GOODSTEIN, David. Out of Gas: The End of the Age of Oil. W.W. Norton, 2005. Goodstein outlines the scientific principles of the inevitable fossil fuel shortage and points to the promise afforded by switching to other sources of energy. GREER, John Michael. The Long Descent: a User's Guide to the End of the Industrial Age. New Society Publishers, 2008. Greer contends that peak oil will lead to the “catabolic collapse” of industrial civilization – not an immediate collapse, but a long, slow one lasting many decades, with periods of relative equilibrium alternating with periods of decline HEINBERG, Richard. Blackout: Coal, Climate and the Last Energy Crisis. New Society Publishers, 2009. Heinberg notes that “Only recently have a few analysts attempted peaking forecasts for world coal, and those forecasts show a likely peak for world coal production before mid‐century, possibly as soon as 2025.” He also highlights the dependency of coal as an energy source on petroleum‐based transportation, suggesting that “Peak Oil May hasten Peak Coal.” HEINBERG, Richard, and C.J. Campbell. The Oil Depletion Protocol. New Society Publishers, 2006. Describes a possible international agreement, the “oil depletion protocol” (originally proposed by Campbell), whereby nations would voluntarily reduce their oil production and oil imports. The purpose of the protocol is to reduce international rivalry over oil supplies and prevent possible resource wars. The book provides a review of the history and literature of peak oil and explains the protocol and its implications for government and industry. It also explains how municipalities and citizens can become involved. HEINBERG, Richard. The Party's Over: Oil, War and the Fate of Industrial Societies. New Society Publishers, 2005. A useful , eye‐opening introduction to the subject of peak oil. Heinberg was a member of the Oakland peak oil task force whose report is cited above. HEINBERG, Richard. Powerdown: Options and Actions for a PostCarbon World. New Society Publishers, 2004. In this sequel to The Party’s Over, Heinberg provides and update and reviews four primary ways that society can approach energy supply issues. He concludes that the prudent way to handle the energy shortage is to “power down” through intelligent, informed, cooperative means while simultaneously working to build community solidarity and to preserve knowledge, artifacts, and tools. HOPKINS, Rob. The Transition Handbook: From Oil Dependency to Local Resilience. Green, 2008. Declaring that “peak oil and climate change mean that small is inevitable,” Hopkins argues for economic relocalization, with individual communities to prepare “energy descent action plans” for the transition to a low‐energy future. Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil Task Force 220
JEAVONS, John. How to Grow More Vegetables Than You Ever Thought Possible on Less Land Than You Can Imagine. Ten Speed Press, 1991. Describes a biointensive approach to gardening. The method requires minimal watering and care and provides guidance for those wishing to plant a few plants in a tiny space to those who wish to plant enough to feed a family of four on less than half an acre. KUNSTLER, James Howard. The Long Emergency: Surviving the End of the Oil Age, Climate Change, and Other Converging Catastrophes. Atlantic Monthly Press, 2005. This controversial author discusses peak oil in the context of climate change, infrastructure challenges, and habitat destruction. Describing the political, social, and economic consequences of peak oil, he argues that our way of life will have to become intensely more local, that our economy will have to be structured around food production, and that land will have to be reallocated. LERCH, Daniel. Post Carbon Cities: Planning for Energy and Climate Uncertainty. Post Carbon Institute, 2007. “Provides guidance and support to local government officials and staff for meeting three critical goals: breaking community dependence on oil, stopping community contributions to global warming, and preparing the community to thrive in a time of energy and climate uncertainty.” LOVINS, Amory, et al. Winning the Oil Endgame: Innovation for Profit, Jobs, and Security. Rocky Mountain Institute, 2005. Co‐funded by the Pentagon, this study provides a plan for reducing U.S. oil use by 50% by 2025 and ending dependence on foreign oil. To achieve these goals, Lovins proposes four steps: (1) Double the efficiency of oil use through measures such as ultra‐light vehicle design. (2) Apply creative business models and public policies to speed the profitable adoption of super‐efficient light vehicles, heavy trucks, and airplanes. (3) Embark on the crash development of biofuels, cellulosic ethanol in particular. (4) Apply efficiency measures to save 50% of the projected 2025 use of natural gas. MACKAY, David J.C. 2009. Sustainable Energy – Without the Hot Air. UIT Cambridge Ltd., 2009. Attempts to answer somewhat the question: Is it possible to power modern civilization with renewable energy alone. The answer is “Yes but” – it would take “country‐ sized” facilities, and it wouldn’t be easy. Also available online at http://www.withouthotair.com. The focus is primarily on Britain, but there are also discussions on North America and the world. MOBBS, Paul. Energy Beyond Oil. Matador Press, 2005. Mobbs provides a detailed account of the peak oil phenomenon and makes the argument that, while it will be a collective shock, life after the peak promises a more sustainable reality. MURPHY, Pat. Plan C: Community Survival Strategies for Peak Oil and Climate Change. New Society Publishers, 2008. Explores the risks inherent in trying to continue our energy-intensive lifestyle. A resource for anyone interested in living a lower-energy sustainable lifestyle. Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil Task Force 221
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Redefining Prosperity: Energy Desce
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This report is dedicated to Colin J
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Preface Our society is reaching a t
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Oil infuses just
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Transportation. Of all sectors, tra
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Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil
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The “Hubbert Curve.” Decades ag
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Other observers believe that peak o
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solutions 20 years before the peak
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What’s more, it is highly unlikel
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Biofuels Some believe that it will
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THE BLOOMINGTON PEAK OIL TASK FORCE
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ENDORSEMENT OF THE OIL DEPLETION PR
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NEXT STEPS This Report outlines a n
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THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT The enormous e
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Inflation and Volatility It will be
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Daily changes in the spot price of
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Daly writes: That was when I realiz
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instead of the old notion that “b
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Fuel Rationing As we collectively s
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES Follo
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• Local government should collabo
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transit and pedestrian and biking f
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On the other hand, there is probabl
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• all City traffic signals have b
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THIRSTY WATER: THE WATER SUPPLY Sin
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Water Treatment Treatment of water
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES A com
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2. Advocate a tiered pricing system
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4. Offer other efficiency incentive
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MEDIUMTERM (5‐15 years) 1. Expl
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WASTE DISPOSAL: THE DETRITUS OF CON
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89,582 tons of garbage in 2007. 84
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES SHORT
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MEDIUMTERM STRATEGIES (515 year
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Re‐establishing a local landfill
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2. Transition all backup generato
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POLICE, FIRE & OTHER EMERGENCY SERV
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3. There is a potential for increas
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MEDIUMTERM (515 years) 1. The P
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OTHER EMERGENCY SERVICES Non‐rout
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FLEET & STREET: CARBON WEBS & ASPHA
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In an effort to save money, reduce
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esidents who work from home, howeve
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MAINTAINING CITY STREETS Everything
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MEDIUM TERM (515 Years) 1. Reduce
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As summarized by Pat Murphy in Plan
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just to cover the cost of vehicle m
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REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION: PA
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About the Activity Nodes Project In
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MAP B: Population Density Report of
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Natural Neighborhoods One key step
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VULNERABILITIES 1. When it comes to
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3. Include plans for peak oil in th
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MEDIUMTERM (515 years) 1. Trans
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Both the City of Bloomington and Mo
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5. Build in physical separation buf
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REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION: VM
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Oil & Equity: The Impact of Fuel Co
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Fuel as Percentage of Income 100.00
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The Distance Factor The greater the
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Pedestrian Friendliness Just how
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MAP E: WalkScore Analysis of 55 Nat
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THE CURRENT SITUATION: PUBLIC TRANS
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Hoosier Bus Hoosier Bus is Indiana
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BT owns 42 conventional diesel buse
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MAP F: Walkability of Bloomington T
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5. Intercity rail is not available.
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES In th
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2. Develop a community cooperative
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The City should establish or encour
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6. Update the LongRange Transport
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Make bike riding on major arterials
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11. Seek greater public investment
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13. Fully unify the BT and campus b
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15. Establish public or private lon
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LONGTERM (1530 years) 1. Shrink
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REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION Hou
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Number of People per Square Foot Wh
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Local Incentives The community has
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VULNERABILITIES 1. Potential for po
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5. Restrictive covenants on use of
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2. The community should explore the
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Granny flats In Bloomington, there
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7. Actively work to grow building e
Page 182 and 183: 10. Educate and motivate citizens t
Page 184 and 185: SUSTENANCE: FOOD, WATER, WASTE & HE
Page 186 and 187: Indeed, it is estimated that the U.
Page 188 and 189: Local Food Production Efforts to pr
Page 190 and 191: The Current U.S. Diet Americans eat
Page 192 and 193: Regional Land and Population The pr
Page 194 and 195: Can Bloomington Feed Itself? Feedin
Page 196 and 197: population maintained health, while
Page 198 and 199: fertility inputs and yields of surp
Page 200 and 201: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES: PLAN
Page 202 and 203: SHORTTERM STRATEGIES (15 Years)
Page 204 and 205: 10. Train and deploy 300 new urban
Page 206 and 207: 12. The City and other stakeholders
Page 208 and 209: 23. Reserve open land for agricultu
Page 210 and 211: 11. Establish a credible local fina
Page 212 and 213: Households can contribute significa
Page 214 and 215: 4. Collect rainwater In addition to
Page 216 and 217: and paper. Sources include househol
Page 218 and 219: HEALTH CARE The implications of pea
Page 220 and 221: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES: RE
Page 222 and 223: The Fourth Layer: Professional Care
Page 224 and 225: Opportunities for Citizen Action: W
Page 226 and 227: • Use power strips for your home
Page 228 and 229: State and utility residential renew
Page 230 and 231: CONCLUSION The peaking of productio
Page 234 and 235: PIMENTEL, David, ed. Biofuels, Sola
Page 236 and 237: ENERGY WATCH GROUP. “Coal: Resour
Page 238 and 239: APPENDICES
Page 240 and 241: argued by Brown to dramatically dec
Page 242 and 243: In general, the trend has been for
Page 244 and 245: Unfortunately, stated coal R/P rati
Page 246 and 247: during World War I, then falling as
Page 248 and 249: Although the prevailing sense among
Page 250 and 251: The following projection of future
Page 252 and 253: asserted, “Consequently, our pres
Page 254 and 255: The following graph from the Associ
Page 256 and 257: APPENDIX IV Vehicle Ownership per P
Page 258: Stephanie Kimball is a former Profe
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Peak Oil Task Force Report - City of Bloomington - State of Indiana

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