Peak Oil Task Force Report - City of Bloomington - State of Indiana

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On the other hand, there is probably considerable potential for new employment in “green jobs,” especially those related to the manufacture, installation, and maintenance of solar electric and solar thermal systems. According to the BlueGreen Alliance and the Natural Resources Defense Council, in a post‐ peak environment, Indiana will need the following types of skilled workers: • Carpenters to make buildings more energy efficient; • Electricians for expanding mass transit solutions; • Operations managers to manufacture energy‐efficient automobiles; • Machinists to craft essential components of wind power; and • Welders for solar power manufacturing. 46 To this list, we would add home and business energy efficiency specialists, appliance repair specialists, and farmers and agricultural workers. In the long run, should fuel shortages cause a breakdown in mechanized agriculture, a significant amount of additional labor could be required for food production. Green‐collar jobs require some new skills and some new thinking about old skills. The economic development community, in cooperation with local employers, Workforce Development, and local educational institutions, should identify specific skills called for to meet the demands of our economy during the period of energy descent, and should develop educational and training programs to teach those skills. Some of green jobs will be entirely local because they are in the service sector; while solar panels can be manufactured in China, we can't ship our houses to China to have the panels installed there. Green manufacturing jobs will have to compete in a marketplace that will remain theoretically global, but the rising cost of transportation may give local producers a competitive advantage that they currently lack. Green jobs must provide workers a living wage, and we must work toward creating a green‐collar environment that provides for a mix of entry and professional‐level work. 46 Job Opportunities in a Green Economy: Indiana Can Gain from Fighting Global Warming, http://www.nrdc.org/globalWarming/jobs/indiana.pdf; See also, Pollin and Wicks‐Lim, Job Opportunities for the Green Economy: StatebyState Picture of Occupations that Gain from Green Investment, http://www.bluegreenalliance.org/admin/publications/files/0005.4.pdf . Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil Task Force 36
Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil Task Force MUNICIPAL SERVICES Identifying and mitigating community vulnerabilities is probably one of the more important – if often unwritten – expectations we have of our local governments. 47 – Daniel Lerch, Post Carbon Cities Three challenges are converging to shape the way City Hall carries out its business of protecting the health, safety, and welfare of the people of Bloomington: weaning the community from its dependence on oil, climate change, and the resultant uncertainties of both. 48 These challenges present us with an unprecedented moment when it comes to the way the City carries out it duties. But it also provides us with opportunity. Peak oil requires that the City take a systemic look at its oil dependencies and match each dependency with greater conservation, greater efficiency, and renewable energy sources. To be sure, the City has already implemented some very forwarding‐thinking steps to reduce our reliance on petroleum: • The Mayor recently announced his Sustainable City Initiative whose mission is to “to promote economic vitality while improving the human condition and preserving the community character of our City. It operates on the principle that Bloomington can achieve environmental health, economic prosperity and social justice through sustainable development;” 49 • in 2005, the City shifted to a biodiesel‐only diesel purchasing policy; • in 2007, the City engaged in an energy audit of City Hall, the result of which was a series of HVAC upgrades resulting in monthly reductions in energy consumption by 10‐15% and yielding a 32% savings – or $45,634.66 – within its first year; • the City has established an internal team to examine vehicle acquisition, energy consumption and purchasing policies; • the Office of the Mayor and the City of Bloomington Commission on Sustainability continue to actively promote the Change a Light, Change the World program, which encourages citizens to replace incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescents (CFLs). The City has partnered with the local grocery cooperative Bloomingfoods to distribute over 40,000 bulbs, with a total estimated savings of $2.0 million over the life of these bulbs; 47 Lerch, Daniel. Post Carbon Cities: Planning for Energy and Climate Uncertainty. A Guidebook on Peak Oil and Global Warming for Local Governments (Sebastopol: Post Carbon Press 2007), 4. 48 Ibid. at v. 49 http://bloomington.in.gov/sustainablecity 37
Page 2 and 3: Redefining Prosperity: Energy Desce
Page 4 and 5: This report is dedicated to Colin J
Page 6 and 7: Preface Our society is reaching a t
Page 8 and 9: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Oil infuses just
Page 10 and 11: Transportation. Of all sectors, tra
Page 12 and 13: Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil
Page 14 and 15: The “Hubbert Curve.” Decades ag
Page 16 and 17: Other observers believe that peak o
Page 18 and 19: solutions 20 years before the peak
Page 20 and 21: What’s more, it is highly unlikel
Page 22 and 23: Biofuels Some believe that it will
Page 24 and 25: THE BLOOMINGTON PEAK OIL TASK FORCE
Page 26 and 27: ENDORSEMENT OF THE OIL DEPLETION PR
Page 28 and 29: NEXT STEPS This Report outlines a n
Page 30 and 31: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT The enormous e
Page 32 and 33: Inflation and Volatility It will be
Page 34 and 35: Daily changes in the spot price of
Page 36 and 37: Daly writes: That was when I realiz
Page 38 and 39: instead of the old notion that “b
Page 40 and 41: Fuel Rationing As we collectively s
Page 42 and 43: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES Follo
Page 44 and 45: • Local government should collabo
Page 46 and 47: transit and pedestrian and biking f
Page 50 and 51: • all City traffic signals have b
Page 52 and 53: THIRSTY WATER: THE WATER SUPPLY Sin
Page 54 and 55: Water Treatment Treatment of water
Page 56 and 57: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES A com
Page 58 and 59: 2. Advocate a tiered pricing system
Page 60 and 61: 4. Offer other efficiency incentive
Page 62 and 63: MEDIUMTERM (5‐15 years) 1. Expl
Page 64 and 65: WASTE DISPOSAL: THE DETRITUS OF CON
Page 66 and 67: 89,582 tons of garbage in 2007. 84
Page 68 and 69: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES SHORT
Page 70 and 71: MEDIUMTERM STRATEGIES (515 year
Page 72 and 73: Re‐establishing a local landfill
Page 74 and 75: 2. Transition all backup generato
Page 76 and 77: POLICE, FIRE & OTHER EMERGENCY SERV
Page 78 and 79: 3. There is a potential for increas
Page 80 and 81: MEDIUMTERM (515 years) 1. The P
Page 82 and 83: OTHER EMERGENCY SERVICES Non‐rout
Page 84 and 85: FLEET & STREET: CARBON WEBS & ASPHA
Page 86 and 87: In an effort to save money, reduce
Page 88 and 89: MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES SHORT
Page 90 and 91: esidents who work from home, howeve
Page 92 and 93: MAINTAINING CITY STREETS Everything
Page 94 and 95: MEDIUM TERM (515 Years) 1. Reduce
Page 96 and 97: As summarized by Pat Murphy in Plan
Page 98 and 99:
MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES SHORT
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Report of the Bloomington Peak Oil
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just to cover the cost of vehicle m
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REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION: PA
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Page 108 and 109:
About the Activity Nodes Project In
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MAP B: Population Density Report of
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Natural Neighborhoods One key step
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VULNERABILITIES 1. When it comes to
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3. Include plans for peak oil in th
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MEDIUMTERM (515 years) 1. Trans
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Both the City of Bloomington and Mo
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5. Build in physical separation buf
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Page 126 and 127:
REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION: VM
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Oil & Equity: The Impact of Fuel Co
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Fuel as Percentage of Income 100.00
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The Distance Factor The greater the
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Pedestrian Friendliness Just how
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MAP E: WalkScore Analysis of 55 Nat
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THE CURRENT SITUATION: PUBLIC TRANS
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Hoosier Bus Hoosier Bus is Indiana
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BT owns 42 conventional diesel buse
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MAP F: Walkability of Bloomington T
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5. Intercity rail is not available.
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES In th
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2. Develop a community cooperative
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The City should establish or encour
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6. Update the LongRange Transport
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Make bike riding on major arterials
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11. Seek greater public investment
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13. Fully unify the BT and campus b
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15. Establish public or private lon
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LONGTERM (1530 years) 1. Shrink
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REVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION Hou
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Number of People per Square Foot Wh
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Local Incentives The community has
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VULNERABILITIES 1. Potential for po
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5. Restrictive covenants on use of
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2. The community should explore the
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Granny flats In Bloomington, there
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7. Actively work to grow building e
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10. Educate and motivate citizens t
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SUSTENANCE: FOOD, WATER, WASTE & HE
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Indeed, it is estimated that the U.
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Local Food Production Efforts to pr
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The Current U.S. Diet Americans eat
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Regional Land and Population The pr
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Can Bloomington Feed Itself? Feedin
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population maintained health, while
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fertility inputs and yields of surp
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES: PLAN
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SHORTTERM STRATEGIES (15 Years)
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10. Train and deploy 300 new urban
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12. The City and other stakeholders
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23. Reserve open land for agricultu
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11. Establish a credible local fina
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Households can contribute significa
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4. Collect rainwater In addition to
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and paper. Sources include househol
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HEALTH CARE The implications of pea
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MITIGATION GOALS & STRATEGIES: RE
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The Fourth Layer: Professional Care
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Opportunities for Citizen Action: W
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• Use power strips for your home
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State and utility residential renew
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CONCLUSION The peaking of productio
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GILBERT, Richard, and Anthony Perl.
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PIMENTEL, David, ed. Biofuels, Sola
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ENERGY WATCH GROUP. “Coal: Resour
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APPENDICES
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argued by Brown to dramatically dec
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In general, the trend has been for
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Unfortunately, stated coal R/P rati
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during World War I, then falling as
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Although the prevailing sense among
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The following projection of future
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asserted, “Consequently, our pres
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The following graph from the Associ
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APPENDIX IV Vehicle Ownership per P
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Stephanie Kimball is a former Profe
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Peak Oil Task Force Report - City of Bloomington - State of Indiana

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