here - First Legume Society Conference (LSC1)

Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Genetic advancement in seed yield of pulse crops in Madhya Pradesh, India
HS Yadava 1 , AN Tikle 2 , SC Srivastava 1
1 Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P., India
2 RVSKVV, RAK College of Agriculture, Sehore, M.P., India
Pulses are one of the important segments of Indian Agriculture after cereals and oilseeds. India is
the largest producer and consumer of pulses in the world contributing around 25-28% of the
total global production. About 90% of the global pigeonpea, 75% of chickpea and 37% of lentil
area falls in India, (FAOSTAT 2010). The estimates for 2011-12 indicate that the total pulse
production is 17.28 million tons from 25.43 million ha area majority of which falling under
rainfed, resource poor and harsh environments frequently prone to drought and other abiotic
stress condition. Pulses are least preferred by farmers because of high risk and less remunerative
than cereals; consequently, the production of the pulses is sufficiently low. To meet the demand
of pulses, India is at present importing about 3 million tons. Chickpea continues to be the largest
consumed in this complex comprising of 45-50% of the total pulses production of India.
Historically, Madhya Pradesh, a pulse bowl state of India enjoying the cultivation of diversified
pulses viz. chickpea (Cicer arietinum), pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), lentil (Lens culinaris ), field pea
(Pisum sativum), green gram ( Vigna mungo L. Happer ) and black gram (Vigna radiata). Chickpea is
the major pulse crop covering 3.11 m ha area with average productivity in 1080 kg/ha. Pulse
research in Madhya Pradesh though started in 1950s, but development of short duration and high
yielding varieties having durable resistance against Fusarium oxyporum f.sp. ciceri in recent past has
resulted in both horizontal and vertical spread of the crop. Chickpea variety develop in the
university namely JG 11, JG 130, JAKI 9218, JG 16, JG 6, RVG 201, RVG 202 and RVG 203 in
desi type and JGK 3 and RVKG 101 in kabuli type have covered the area not only in the
Madhya Pradesh but also in southern and western India states. The average yields of these
varieties is > 2.0 t/ha. The high yielding and medium duration varieties; JA4, JKM7, JKM 189
and TJT 501 of pigeonpea are popular in the state but the university is credited for development
and release of world fist CMS based pigeonpea hybrid RVICPH 2671 in collaboration with
ICRISAT, Pattancheru. This hybrid has sown the standard heterosis between 30 to 35 per cent.
In lentil, microsperma type bold seeded (> 2.5 gm/100 seed weight) are grown. JL 3 and RVL 31
are recommended for cultivation which is short duration, high yielder and possess ability to
tolerate drought. Green gram variety TJM 3 is short duration (60 days) bold seeded and high
yielding variety (1.3 to 1.5 t/ha) having resistance against powdery mildew, YMV and bacterial
blight. A large number of land races have been collected, evaluation and characterize which are
utilizing in genetic amelioration of pulse crop for early maturity, better seed size, high nodulation
ability, better seed yield than existing ones, resistance against major soil borne diseases and
tolerance to high temperature and moisture stress during crop growth in order to fulfil the
demand of growing Indian population.
112