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Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Nitrous oxide emissions of legume based agricultural systems in Northern and Southern Europe Valentini A Pappa 1,2 , Aurelio Pristeri 2 , Michele Monti 2 , Robert M Rees 2 1 Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Waedenswil, Switzerland 2 SRUC, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK 3 University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy The main objective of this paper was to explore the extent to which similar legume based cropping systems could influence N 2O emissions per unit of grain production (emission intensity) in a two-year experimental period (2011 and 2012) within Northern and Southern Europe. Two sites were selected: one in the United Kingdom (Atlantic region) and one in Italy (Mediterranean region). The following leguminous crops were studied: beans, peas, barley and wheat (subsequent crop). Greenhouse gas emissions(N 2O, CO 2 and CH 4) and extractable soil N were measured every 15 days and at key growth stages, from sowing to harvest at both sites. Grain yields were also recorded for the calculation of N 2O intensities. Preliminary results have shown for 2011, in Italy, the legume monocrops had higher intensities when compared with the cereal (barley) monocrop, but in UK, all the legumes had lower intensities than the unfertilised cereal crop. In the second year, the subsequent crop, wheat, significant influenced both the grain yield but also the N 2O intensities. For example, in Italy, the wheat following a previous legume monocrop showed a very high N 2O intensity when compared with an intercrop. The data provided by this study can help to design systems (including low-input and organic systems) that increase their N use efficiency and reduce their environmental impact. Greenhouse gas emission intensities provide a valuable measure of this impact. An improved understanding of different species/varietal combinations and seeding ratios will help to develop management recommendations for optimising the productivity and environmental impacts of legumes in practice. 263
Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Effect of organic fertilization treatments on grasspea (Latyrus sativus L.) Ignazio Poma, Maria Carola Fiore, Calogero Mirabile Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy A better knowledge of important relationships between soil and crop production is necessary to develop sustainable agricultural systems. It is often stated that only a few staple crops produce the majority of the food supply. This might be correct but the important contribution of many minor species should not be underestimated. Legumes have always been used as a source of nutrient-rich organic matter and nitrogen for crops. The grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a food, feed and fodder crop belonging to the family Leguminosae. This crop has over the past decade received increased interest due to its adaptability to arid conditions and contains high levels of protein, a component that is increasingly becoming hard to acquire in many developing areas. In Italy, after a drastic decline in the last 50 years, there is great potential for an expansion in the utilization of grass pea in the sustainable crop systems of the marginal areas of southern Italy. The diffusion of grass pea cropping is subject to the evaluation of the potential grain yield in the semi arid areas of south Italy. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of different organic fertilization treatments on quantity and quality traits of grain and the effects of crop-residue application on yields in a grass pea-durum wheat rotation system. The results show that the grass pea has not been able to take advantage from high fertilizer input. Good yield performance was obtained from cultivar Gecon 15 in the studied crop rotation system. 264
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Programme 9 Session 1 Achievements
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