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Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Intercropping of legumes with Helianthus species Jelena Savić 1 , Sreten Terzić 2 , Dragana Miladinović 2 1 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun, Serbia 2 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Intercropping, or growing together more species at the same time in the same place is one of the oldest systems of cultivation in agriculture. Today, intercropping is recommended in sustainable agriculture due to various positive effects. The main advantage of legumes in intercropping is the possibility to increase soil fertility and protein levels with companion plants. The most common agricultural species of the Helianthus genus are sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.). Intercropping of legumes with sunflower has been tested more than with Jerusalem artichoke. Intercropping of Jerusalem artichoke with sweet clover and hairy vetch showed that the level of nitrogen in the soil was not significantly lower than the controls. Intercropped sunflower showed large variations in yield depending on the variety and location. Species like Vicia villosa Roth, Melilotus officinalis Lam., Medicago sativa L. and Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill. have been intercropped with sunflower with the same sowing time and at the V4 and V10 sunflower growth stages. Intercropping in later growth stages had no negative impact on the development of sunflower. Intercropping with beans produced no significant effect on yield, while alfalfa, soybean, mung and cluster bean significantly reduced sunflower yield. Increased levels of nitrates in the soil have been recorded when sunflower was intercropped with hairy vetch. Most of the research so far on intercropping of legumes with Helianthus species has been done in subtropical area, where the best results were obtained when sunflower was intercropped with bean and hairy vetch. Acknowledgements This work was supported by a research assistantship for the primary author and through a grant No. TR-31025 by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. 269
Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Effects of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) intercropping with spring cereals on pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris, 1776) and their natural enemy occurrences Marek Seidenglanz 1 , Igor Huňady, Jana Poslušná 1 , Anne-Kristin Løes 2 1 AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services Ltd., Department of Plant Protection, Šumperk, Czech Republic 2 Bioforsk Økologisk, Tingvoll, Norway Occurrences of pea aphid and its natural enemies (syrphids, mummies caused by entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria sp. and by parasitic wasp Aphidius ervi) were compared in monocultures and mixtures of field peas and spring cereals in three seasons (2008-12; project NAZV: QH82027). At the beginning of colonization, aphid occurrence was not substantially influenced by intercropping with cereals. However, the numbers of pea aphids located on inflorescences started to decline earlier in mixtures compared with monoculture. More syrphids (eggs + larvae) were found in mixtures than in monoculture, and more syrphid eggs were found in young aphid colonies (10 – 20 individuals) in mixtures. Intercropping did not influence occurrence of fungi mummies (Beauveria sp.), but mixtures tended to have more aphid colonies infested by A. ervi in 2008, 2009 and 2011. 270
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Scientific Committee Michael Abbert
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Programme 9 Session 1 Achievements
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