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Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Trichoderma spp. isolates growth promotion activity on soybean seeds and their antagonistic effect on pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sonja Tančić, Jelica Skrobonja, Mirjana Lalošević, Radivoje Jevtić Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Trichoderma species have been registered as species with important growth promotion potential as well as antagonistic effect on different pathogens such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, S. minor, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium, Alternaria, Leptosphaeria, Pythium, Phytophtora and Verticillium species. Trichoderma isolates tested in this research were isolated from different soil types from Vojvodina region (Serbia) and refined to single-spore isolates used for further research. Dual culture test was used for screening of Trichoderma isolates’ antagonistic effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro. All isolates had high Radial Growth Inhibition factor (RGI) of pathogen (34.4 – 52.2%) and high colonization percentage (46.7 – 100%) as well. Because of their good antagonistic effect, possible growth promotion activity of Trichoderma isolates on soybean seeds were tested under glasshouse conditions. Soybean seeds were coated with suspensions of different Trichoderma isolates, while sterile distilled water was used as a control. Seed germination percentages and root and shoots length were measured and data were analyzed in Statistica using Duncan’s test. There were no significant effects on shoots length among all tested isolates comparing to control. Among tested Trichoderma isolates, the three showed significant positive effect on both root length and germination, while two isolates exhibited no significant effect on both measured parameters. The rest of tested isolates showed significant positive effect only on root length or germination. Isolates with highest growth promoting potential and antagonistic effect will be included in further more comprehensive research. Acknowledgements The project TR-31025 of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia 219
Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Phomopsis longicolla β conidia in naturally infected soybean Miloš Vidić 1 , Kristina Petrović 1 , Vuk ðorñević 1 , Luca Riccioni 2 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Consiglio per la ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Rome, Italy P. longicolla is primarily known as a soybean seedborne pathogen but it can be isolated from all parts of the plant. Atypical symptoms have been frequently noted on the basal parts of soybean stems of mature plants: slightly sunken lesions with irregular shapes and sizes, bordered by a thin black margin with diffusely distributed pycnidia with α and β conidia. Initially, it was believed that the causal agent was the fungus P. sojae, however morphological characteristics of the isolates suggested that the causal agent was not P. sojae. This study was an attempt to prove that, under certain conditions, P. longicolla produces masses of β conidia. Beta conidia were observed for quite some time in the field, but they were believed to belong to P. sojae, which typically forms this type of conidia. However, after isolation from infected plant parts, the fungus formed colonies and reproductive organs which were identical to the morphological characteristics of P. longicolla described by Hobbs et al. (1985). In other words, we found evidence that the isolated fungus was P. longicolla. We obtained the same results when several monosporic isolates were separated from pycnidia that contained a high proportion of β conidia. Since morphological characteristics are not a reliable indicator for the identification of Diaporthe/Phomopsis species, the final confirmation was obtained by a molecular analysis. The sequencing of three different regions of DNA clearly indicated that the PDS isolates belonged to the species P. longicolla. Monosporic isolates, exhibited a high level of pathogenicity on soybean seeds and plants, after artificial inoculation. Acknowledgements The project TR-31022 of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia 220
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