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Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Homologs of Medicago truncatula symbiotic proteins and the evolution of nitrogen fixing root nodule symbiosis Zoltán Bozsóki, Ernı Kiss, Boglárka Oláh, Gabriella Endre Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary Symbiotic association with microbes proved to be a powerful strategy for plants to overcome nutrient limitations of their habitat. An ancient type of coexistence is the arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis, which is present in the majority of land plant families. The root nodule symbiosis (RNS) is more recently appeared in legumes and closely related plants with nitrogenfixing bacteria. RNS is essential in the natural nitrogen circulation of ecosystems. Crop rotation with nitrogen fixing legumes has been a successful method for centuries, by which crop lands were refreshed for horticultural cultivation, and still, biological nitrogen fixation is cost-efficient and effective solution for the continuously growing nitrogen demands of agricultural cropping all around the globe. Genetic analyses showed that the AM and RNS systems share genes, supporting the idea that already existing elements of the more ancient program were recruited during the evolution of RNS. Besides, homologous counterparts of legume symbiotic genes had been identified in non-legume plants as well. Some are able to accomplish the symbiotic function of their legume homolog, as it was proven by a number of studies. We have searched plant genomes by symbiotic genes to identify the respective homologs, thereby to show to what extent these genes are conserved outside the nodulating clades. We would like to know how the genes indispensable for RNS have specialised for their function during the evolution of plants by studying the structure and regulation of these homologous genes and comparing their protein products. Acknowledgements Hungarian OTKA Fund K76843; TÁMOP 4.2.4.A/2-11-1-2012-0001 Fund. 279
Book of Abstracts First Legume Society Conference 2013: A Legume Odyssey Novi Sad, Serbia, 9-11 May 2013 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on S-uptake and S-starvation resistance in Medicago truncatula D Wipf 1 , K Gallardo 2 , L Casieri 1 1 UMR1347 INRA/Agrosup/Université de Bourgogne Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL 6300 CNRS, Dijon Cedex, France 2 UMR1347 INRA/Agrosup/Université de Bourgogne Agroécologie, Pôle GEAPSI, Dijon, France Due to its key role in the biosynthesis of many S-containing compounds, sulphur is a macronutrient essential for plant growth, development, and response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Sulphate represents a very small portion of soil S pull and it’s the only form that plant roots can take up and mobilize through H + -dependent co-transport processes implying sulphate transporters. Unlike the other organically bound forms of S, sulphate is normally leached from soils due to its solubility in water, thus reducing its availability to plants. Although our knowledge of plant sulphate transporters has been growing significantly in the last decades, little is still known about the effect of the arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) interaction on S-uptake and S-stress resistance. For this reason our studies focused on the mycorrhizal interaction between the leguminous model plant Medicago truncatula and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices (ex Glomus intraradices). Carbon, nitrogen and sulphur measurements in different plant tissues and expression analysis of genes encoding putative Medicago sulphate transporters (MtSULTRs) were performed to better understand the beneficial effects of mycorrhizal interaction at different sulphate concentrations. The putative effects of mycorrhizal interaction were also assessed on seed weight and quality through protein content and 1-D gel analyses. Among the 8 putative MtSULTRs in-silico identified; some of them were differentially transcribed in roots and leaves due to sulphate concentration and/or upon mycorrhization, potentially defining a switch between direct (DP) and mycorrhizal (MP) sulphate uptake pathways. 280
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Scientific Committee Michael Abbert
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Programme 9 Session 1 Achievements
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