Community Health Volunteer's Training Manual - Population Council

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Unit 2 Disease Prevention and Environmental Sanitation Introduction Disease Prevention and Environmental Sanitation There is a saying that, “When you are healthy, you are rich.” How do you understand this? It means that when we are healthy, we can work and produce wealth for ourselves and for our nation. When people are sick they cannot even perform social functions like attending durbars or funerals. Fortunately, much ill-health in Ghana can be prevented. Some of the major causes of preventable ill-health in our communities are malaria, diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection or chest infection. How many of you have ever had or heard of diseases such as malaria or diarrhoea? Indeed, it is rare to find anyone in Ghana who has never had an episode of malaria fever, because in Ghana, it is the disease that affects and kills people most. As a volunteer you have an important task in assisting your community to prevent these diseases. This unit prepares you to perform effective health promotion and disease prevention activities in your community. Unit Objectives Unit Topics By the end of this unit participants will be able to: 1. Common Community Health Problems 1. Describe methods of preventing common diseases 2. Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene 2. Communicate health information for healthy living Keywords and phrases Morbidity, mortality, environmental management, breeding sites, preventable Topic 1 Common Community Health Problems What are some of the common diseases you have in your communities? What causes them and what can you, as volunteer can, do? Our first brainstorming session will talk about these diseases. 189
Module 4 The work of Community Health Volunteers 190 Exercise 4.2.1 Objective 1. To discuss common community health problems Time: 15 Minutes Questions 1. What are some common health problems in your community? 2. Which is the number one problem that causes sickness and death in your community? Box 4.2.1 Common community health problems 1. Malaria 2. Diarrhoea 3. Chest infection 4. Skin rashes 5. Worms infestation 6. Anaemia due to malnutrition 7. Ear infections 8. Acute eye diseases 9. Tuberculosis 10. HIV & AIDS Methods of preventing common diseases Instructions to the Facilitator 1. Lead participants to brainstorm common health problems in their communities 2. Compare their responses with those in Box 4.2.1 and fill in the gaps 3. Draw the attention of participants to the fact that disease problems vary from community to community. However, in Ghana, the common problem that all communities have is malaria. Malaria will therefore be discussed in more detail so as to find ways of preventing, treating and managing it. Preventable diseases are responsible for much ill-health in Ghana. They also cause the most deaths, especially among women and children less than five years. These conditions are often associated with poor environmental sanitation and personal hygiene, unhealthy food and inappropriate lifestyles. By understanding the causes of these diseases and the ways to prevent them, the CHVs would be assisting families and their communities to reduce preventable ill-health and thus enable people to work and enjoy life.
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USAID UNITED STATES AGENCY I N T E
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© 2009 The Population Council, Inc
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Preface iv The Community-based Heal
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Acknowledgements vi The Ministry of
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viii MDGs Millennium development go
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Module 1 The CHPS Concept Module Ov
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Community Health Volunteer's Training Manual - Population Council

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