Community Health Volunteer's Training Manual - Population Council

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Exercise 4.2.2 Objective 1. To discuss methods of preventing malaria/diarrhoea/Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) Time: 30 Minutes Questions 1. How can we prevent these 3 diseases in our communities? a. Malaria b. Diarrhoeal diseases c. Acute Respiratory Infection. Disease Prevention and Environmental Sanitation Instructions to the Facilitator 1. In a Q & A session, ask participants the questions on the left. 2. Note the responses on the flip chat/ board. 3. Compare the responses with those in the Table 4.2.1 and fill in any gaps. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure! Table 4.2.1 Examples of common health problems, their causes, symptoms and methods of prevention Common Diseases/ Health Problems Causes Symptoms Prevention Control Malaria • Activities that promote the breeding of mosquitoes • Choked gutters • Weedy surroundings • Stagnant water around houses and in community • Water collected in containers/cans • Exposure to mosquito bites • Not sleeping under ITN • Fever • Chills • Sweating • Unusual sleepiness • Vomiting • Loss of appetite • Malaria • Sleep under ITN • Clear surroundings of weeds • Drain stagnant pools • Give IPT (SP) for pregnant women • Fit trap doors and windows with mosquito netting • Use sprays and mosquito repellents • Fill and level pits • Construct drains • Plant trees in marshy and swampy areas (e.g. Eucalyptus) • Use anti-malarial drugs for malaria fever • Ensure completion of • treatment 191
Module 4 The work of Community Health Volunteers Table 4.2.1 Examples of common health problems, their causes, symptoms and methods of prevention 192 • Pregnant women who fail to take intermittent prevention (IPT) treatment with sulphadoxinepyrimethamine (SP) Diarrhoea • Eating contaminated food • Drinking contaminated water • Eating with unwashed hands • Indiscriminate defaecation Acute Respiratory Infection (Chest Infection) • Bacteria and viruses • Dusty surroundings • Not washing hands before eating HIV & AIDS • Unprotected sex • Using/sharing sharp objects (needles, syringes and razor blades) • Blood transfusion Tuberculosis (TB) • Poor ventilation • Overcrowding • Poor nutrition • HIV & AIDS • Frequent stools • Dehydration • Difficulty in breathing • Weight loss • Fever lasing up to one month • Dry cough • Swellings in neck, groin, armpits etc. • Coughing • Blood in sputum • Weight loss • Protect food from flies • Wash hands with soap and water before handling food • Wash both hands with soap before eating and after visiting the toilet • Bury feces • Ensure proper ventilation • Avoid overcrowding • Drink plenty of fluids • A – Abstain from sex • B – Be faithful to partner • C – Condom use always during sex • Ensure proper ventilation of rooms • Avoid overcrowding • Clean surroundings • Good nutrition • Give ORS/ coconut juice/rice water/ kenkey water • Report to health facility if diarrhoea persists after 24 hours • Construct household latrines • Seek early treatment • Abstinence • Health education • Regular screening • Seek early treatment • Complete treatment course
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USAID UNITED STATES AGENCY I N T E
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© 2009 The Population Council, Inc
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Preface iv The Community-based Heal
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Acknowledgements vi The Ministry of
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viii MDGs Millennium development go
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x Module 4 The work of Community He
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Module 1 The CHPS Concept Module Ov
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Community Health Volunteer's Training Manual - Population Council

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