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have also high expatriation rates according to OECD data 85 . Docquier, Bhargawa, and
Moullan (2010) used total physician emigration rate in a country as the ratio between the
stock of national physicians working abroad and the number of physicians trained in the
home country, excluding doctors trained in host countries. They indicate that for 2009,
Lebanon and Syria had the highest emigration rate with respectively 19.6% and 17.5%
followed by Jordan (9.9%), Algeria (7.1%), Morocco (6.6%), and then Egypt (5.6%).
Relatively, Clemens and Patterson (2006) accounted for the physicians born in MENA
but trained abroad. Their results suggest that 44% Algerian, 31% Moroccan and 33%
Tunisian medical doctors practice abroad. These results suggest that the migration of
medical professionals is increasingly regarded as a serious problem in Morocco, as in
other countries in the MENA region.
Previous literature suggests that financial reasons are the most important motivating
factor for doctors who relocate to overseas destinations (Kumar and Simi, 2007; Dodani
and LaPorte, 2005). Other literature suggest other factors such as working conditions and
political instability as the main reasons leading to medical doctors migration (Docquier
and Bhargawa, 2007).
This sub-part of this research project is designed to investigate the reasons leading to
doctors’ migration in the Moroccan context. Throughout the study, 117 medical doctors
responded to a questionnaire that is designed to capture Moroccan medical doctors’
response to the theoretical model of the new economics of skilled labor migration. The
model tests for both MENA and Eastern European countries and uses variables related to
relative wages, employment incentives and behavioral parameters.
II.2.3.1 Data Analysis and results
The questionnaires were filled by 117 medical doctors in different cities in Morocco,
including Rabat, Azrou, Meknes, Khemissat, Tifelt, and other cities. The questionnaire is
composed of 26 questions; some of the questions are descriptive questions and the others
tend to investigate the relationship between several variables and respondents’ intention
to immigrate and work outside Morocco, as discussed in the next sections.
85 OECD (2010) and WHO (2010).
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