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Liese, B., Dussault, G. (2004). The state of the health workforce in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence of crisis and Analysis of contributing factors. World Bank. Washington, D.C. Mansoor, A., Quillin, B. (2006). Migration and remittances: Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. World Bank: Washington, D.C. Marchiori, L., Docquier, F. (2010). The impact of Mena to EU migration in the context of demographic change. CREA Discussion Paper. 2010-18 McCormick, B, Wahba, J. (2001). Overseas work experience, savings and entrepeneurship amongst return migrants to LDCs. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 48, 164-178. Moullan, Y. (2009). Can health foreign assistance break the medical brain drain? Documents de Travail du Centre d’Economie de la Sorbone. Working Paper No.45. Mountford, A., Rapoport, H. (2011). The brain drain and the world distribution of income. Journal of Development Economics 95, 4-17. Mullan, F. (2005). The metrics of the physician brain drain. New England Journal of Medicine 353: 1810-1818. OECD (2007). International Migration Outlook. Sopemi 2007. OECD (2005). Health at glance. OECD Indicators OECD (2008). The looming crisis in the health workforce. How can OECD countries respond?. OECD Health Policy Studies. OECD (2009). Health at a Glance. OECD Health Indicators. OECD (2010). Education at glance. Ozden, C. (2006). Brain drain in Middle East and North Africa- The Patterns under the surface. United Nations Expert Group Meeting on International Migration and Development in the Arab Region. Population Division. UN/POP/EGM/2006/10. Parsons, C.R., Skeldon, R., Walmsley, T.L., Winters, L.A. (2007). Quantifying international migration: a database of bilateral migrant stocks. Policy Research Working Paper 4165, World Bank. Rosenzweig, M.R. (2006). Higher education and international migration in Asia: Brain circulation presented in the Regional Bank Conference on Development Economics. Rowe, A., García-Barbero, M. (2005). Regulation and licensing of physicians in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization Europe. ! "")!
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Page 1 and 2:
F E M I S E R E S E A R C H P R O G
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What Can Be Learnt from the New Eco
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AMGA: American Medical Group Associ
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USA: United State of America WB: Wo
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medical doctors are then free to en
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elate to quality research and educa
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This may concern also EU countries
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discussed both in theory and practi
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EU are then described and discussed
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specialties. This study shows that
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with this trade. Special arrangemen
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into the developed countries; where
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them as follow: Cross-border delive
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In this regard, the EU is suggestin
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Given the importance of health care
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Serbia. Low wages, poor working con
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• How does tertiary education wit
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Driouchi & Kadiri (2010) are promis
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annual living costs per student. Th
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Lithuania 4.12 4.15 4.01 4.03 3.97
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Egypt 67.57 68.86 70.17 71.52 72.89
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observed externally from developing
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Relative Wages : MIN MENA / By comp
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No future, Heavy workload, to save
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one-year qualification apprenticesh
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Other European Countries Austria 4
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one medical university and studies
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includes a three-year vocational tr
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has 18 medical universities and stu
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général du Gouvernement to gradua
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of Medical Science, Bachelor of Med
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Egypt Iran 29463 31445 32134 25990
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major policies and strategies relat
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The aim of this sub-part is to prov
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• What is the role of mobility of
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Commonwealth of Independent states
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Dodani and LaPorte (2005) suggest t
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In regards to the mobility of Europ
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The general conclusions of these th
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Specific factors Impact of HIV/AIDS
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Portugal X X Romania X X X Russian
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Germany Italy Spain Lithuania Slova
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Italy (2%) and Russia (4) in 2008 (
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theory assumes perfect transferabil
Page 89 and 90:
The data available suggest potentia
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This chapter deals with the migrati
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networks and on the major channels
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assumed here that emigration decisi
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Increases (respectively decreases)
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Figure II.1.2: The shape of H as a
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The optimal emigration rate that ca
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Figure II.1.4: Effects of the Level
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empirical investigation focuses on
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Table II.1.3.1: Country annual tren
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Table II.1.3.2: Country annual tren
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! ! C/D>)! 01::! 0103! 5881::7! E#%
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"#$%&'!()*)+!Eurostat Database Abou
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Using these parameter estimates, co
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different websites for different co
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the theoretical values of the relat
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p-value 0.33 0.03 t test 0.99 2.25
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The following set of graphs are the
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The countries with higher number of
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Turkey (m*=0.41, m**=0.77) Yemen (m
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periods but should be concerned abo
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health report “Comptes Nationaux
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In accordance with the health insur
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95 adults >15 years old per 100000
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To achieve progress in the health s
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The external problems comprise (1)
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first four hospital universities ex
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monitoring trends and economic fact
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Other support staff 6300 2.11 2004
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areas, the case of doctors who reti
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areas of Morocco. It is computed ye
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political instability, economic dep
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1. Gender VS Intention to Migrate A
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salaries differs according to the w
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Results The results are given below
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These results suggest that the numb
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Finally, the questionnaire records
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The past decades have witnessed an
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changed the notion of space, where
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implications on health, Huynen et a
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Figure III.1.3: Social stratificati
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Lee et al., (2007) primarily focus
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However, Collins (203) does recogni
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America. In Africa, where there are
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physicians from Liberia practice in
Page 179 and 180: Figure III.1.7: Migrant care worker
Page 181 and 182: espectively. An interesting particu
Page 183 and 184: Table III.1.5: Supply of foreign (-
Page 185 and 186: Table III.1.6: Health care wages in
Page 187 and 188: Figure II.1.11: Factors affecting h
Page 189 and 190: Figure III.1.12: Factors contributi
Page 191 and 192: Table III.1.10: International Quali
Page 193 and 194: health as integral to wellbeing thr
Page 195 and 196: III.2.1 Need for A cooperative Fram
Page 197 and 198: graduate spends of certain number o
Page 199 and 200: III.2.2 Migration of Medical Doctor
Page 201 and 202: The convexity condition is simply a
Page 203 and 204: • A payoff vector (ai)i S is said
Page 205 and 206: III.2.2.2 Discussion and Public Pol
Page 207 and 208: Europe. Second, in the North Africa
Page 209 and 210: In the short run, the country of or
Page 211 and 212: great incentive for medical student
Page 213 and 214: system, and therefore to the rest o
Page 215 and 216: MENA countries could be moving to p
Page 217 and 218: of their medical school. The other
Page 219 and 220: Beine, M., Docquier, F. & Rapoport,
Page 221 and 222: German Medical Association.(2011).
Page 223 and 224: World Bank Database, 2007. World Ba
Page 225 and 226: http://gse.buffalo.edu/org/inthighe
Page 227 and 228: Berland, Y. (2002). Demographie des
Page 229: Gericke, C.A. (2006). Finance healt
Page 233 and 234: Beine, M., Docquier, F. & Rapoport,
Page 235 and 236: Docquier, F., Lohest, O. & Marfouk,
Page 237 and 238: Labdelaoui, H. (2010). Les dimensio
Page 239 and 240: Stark, O. (1991), The Migration of
Page 241 and 242: WHO - World Health Organization (20
Page 243 and 244: Linacre, S. (2007). “Migration: p
Page 245 and 246: Challenging Inequities in Health: F
Page 247 and 248: Mullan, F. (2007). Doctors and Socc
Page 249 and 250: Vujicic M, Zurn P, Diallo K, Dal Po
Page 251 and 252: Collins, T. (2003). Globalization,
Page 253 and 254: Kana, M.A., (2009). From Brain Drai
Page 255 and 256: Sagoe, K. (2004). Using the Diaspor
Page 257 and 258: Sub-part II.1: Appendix I Appendice
Page 259 and 260: means that So if , then: > which is
Page 261 and 262: A, B,C>0 and , , Then Demo 5: Sign
Page 263 and 264: t test 3.21788138 1.86856175 3.1713
Page 265 and 266: Lithuania Years m Relative wage H/H
Page 267 and 268: Romania Years m Relative wage H/H0
Page 269 and 270: MENA Countries Risk Neutral Model C
Page 271 and 272: Tunisia Turkey 1993 0.1781 2.50 1.9
Page 273 and 274: Syria Tunisia Turkey Yemen Stand.de
Page 275 and 276: Morocco Syria Tunisia t-stat (theor
Page 277 and 278: Risk aversion model summary table C
Page 279 and 280: Table II-2-1.2: Projections of the
Page 281 and 282:
Observations 5 Coefficients Erreur-
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Figure 4: Age distribution within r
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Figure 11: Migration conditions dis
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