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Hungary Years m Relative wage H/H0 Theoretical 1991 2.4% 4.13 1.09728874 1.30516544 1992 2.4% 4.13 1.09852981 1.30944145 1993 2.5% 4.13 1.10011561 1.3149199 1994 2.5% 4.13 1.09973001 1.31358625 1995 2.5% 4.13 1.10220254 1.32215483 H/H0 Theoretical gamma 0.75 H/H0 Observed 1996 2.5% 4.13 1.10129153 1.31899305 1.007422948 1997 2.4% 4.13 1.09895988 1.31092556 1.025857855 1998 2.5% 4.13 1.10113979 1.31846693 1.021716036 1999 2.4% 4.13 1.09849191 1.30931072 1.036473156 2000 2.6% 4.13 1.10466223 1.33071897 2001 2.7% 4.13 1.10722902 1.33969871 2002 2.6% 4.13 1.10416335 1.32897872 1.026261935 2003 2.7% 4.13 1.10857627 1.34442946 1.023130316 2004 3.1% 4.13 1.12668322 1.40919263 1.023130316 mean 1.10350456 1.3268559 1.018221396 st dev 0.00747149 0.02642949 0.012733543 p-value 8.6384E-11 1.7713E-11 t test 10.4368837 11.2372025 Years m Relative wage H/H0 Theoretical alpha 0.33 H/H0 Theoretical alpha 0.5 H/H0 Theoretical alpha 0.75 1991 2.4% 4.13 0.99197208 1.00595557 1.038841503 1992 2.4% 4.13 0.99186442 1.00602329 1.039325672 1993 2.5% 4.13 0.99172665 1.00610953 1.039943919 1994 2.5% 4.13 0.99176017 1.00608859 1.039793629 1995 2.5% 4.13 0.99154502 1.00622249 1.040756838 H/H0 Observed 1996 2.5% 4.13 0.99162436 1.00617325 1.040402073 1.007423 1997 2.4% 4.13 0.99182708 1.00604671 1.039493385 1.025858 1998 2.5% 4.13 0.99163756 1.00616504 1.040342966 1.021716 1999 2.4% 4.13 0.99186771 1.00602123 1.039310891 1.036473 2000 2.6% 4.13 0.99133044 1.00635488 1.041713942 2001 2.7% 4.13 0.99110595 1.00649216 1.042711543 2002 2.6% 4.13 0.99137401 1.00632809 1.041519907 1.026262 2003 2.7% 4.13 0.99098789 1.00656385 1.04323468 1.02313 2004 3.1% 4.13 0.98938535 1.00750356 1.050233615 1.02313 mean 0.99142919 1.00628916 1.041258897 1.018221 st dev 0.00065733 0.00039376 0.002896004 0.012734 p-value 0.00021501 0.02379024 0.001324509 t test 4.29651543 2.40113562 3.597051231 ! "&#!
Lithuania Years m Relative wage H/H0 Theoretical gamma 1991 0.1% 5.42 1.03607732 1.02392669 H/H0 Theoretical gamma 0.75 H/H0 Observed 1992 0.2% 5.42 1.04369232 1.02894086 1.004829342 1993 0.2% 5.42 1.05299993 1.03505282 1.012842534 1994 0.2% 5.42 1.05711909 1.03775189 1.034672489 1995 0.2% 5.42 1.05968257 1.03942981 1.019709689 1996 0.3% 5.42 1.07235077 1.04770177 1.021650361 1997 0.3% 5.42 1.08748878 1.05754333 1.021669097 1998 0.4% 5.42 1.10949851 1.0717703 1.012568242 1999 0.5% 5.42 1.14039603 1.09158261 1.013383052 2000 0.6% 5.42 1.15253845 1.0993189 2001 0.6% 5.42 1.16702941 1.10851559 2002 0.8% 5.42 1.20712675 1.13376464 2003 0.9% 5.42 1.25303384 1.16232666 2004 1.2% 5.42 1.33079941 1.2099163 mean 1.12641666 1.0819673 1.017665601 st dev 0.08823934 0.05590544 0.008925674 p-value 0.00104751 0.00242903 t test 3.68856629 3.35790653 Years m Relative wage H/H0 Theoretical alpha 0.33 H/H0 Theoretical alpha 0.5 H/H0 Theoretical alpha 0.75 1991 0.1% 5.42 1.00003858 1.00180428 1.008208968 H/H0 Observed 1992 0.2% 5.42 1.00004613 1.00217795 1.009915615 1.004829 1993 0.2% 5.42 1.0000551 1.00263139 1.011989625 1.012843 1994 0.2% 5.42 1.00005897 1.00283093 1.012903337 1.034672 1995 0.2% 5.42 1.00006136 1.00295475 1.013470691 1.01971 1996 0.3% 5.42 1.00007282 1.00356279 1.01626021 1.02165 1997 0.3% 5.42 1.00008584 1.00428102 1.019563028 1.021669 1998 0.4% 5.42 1.00010352 1.00530953 1.024307324 1.012568 1999 0.5% 5.42 1.00012594 1.00672304 1.030855851 1.013383 2000 0.6% 5.42 1.00013401 1.00726918 1.033394852 2001 0.6% 5.42 1.00014312 1.00791427 1.036400179 2002 0.8% 5.42 1.00016551 1.00966264 1.044580172 2003 0.9% 5.42 1.00018635 1.01160161 1.053711655 2004 1.2% 5.42 1.00021112 1.01474541 1.068652074 mean 1.00010631 1.00596206 1.027443827 1.017666 st dev 5.5501E-05 0.00391546 0.018247841 0.008926 p-value 0.0008386 0.00301138 0.950127524 t test 3.77489304 3.27209313 0.063153211 ! "&$!
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F E M I S E R E S E A R C H P R O G
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What Can Be Learnt from the New Eco
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AMGA: American Medical Group Associ
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USA: United State of America WB: Wo
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medical doctors are then free to en
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elate to quality research and educa
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This may concern also EU countries
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discussed both in theory and practi
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EU are then described and discussed
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specialties. This study shows that
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with this trade. Special arrangemen
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into the developed countries; where
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them as follow: Cross-border delive
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In this regard, the EU is suggestin
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Given the importance of health care
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Serbia. Low wages, poor working con
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• How does tertiary education wit
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Driouchi & Kadiri (2010) are promis
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annual living costs per student. Th
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Lithuania 4.12 4.15 4.01 4.03 3.97
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Egypt 67.57 68.86 70.17 71.52 72.89
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observed externally from developing
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Relative Wages : MIN MENA / By comp
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No future, Heavy workload, to save
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one-year qualification apprenticesh
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Other European Countries Austria 4
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one medical university and studies
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includes a three-year vocational tr
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has 18 medical universities and stu
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général du Gouvernement to gradua
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of Medical Science, Bachelor of Med
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Egypt Iran 29463 31445 32134 25990
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major policies and strategies relat
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The aim of this sub-part is to prov
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• What is the role of mobility of
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Commonwealth of Independent states
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Dodani and LaPorte (2005) suggest t
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In regards to the mobility of Europ
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The general conclusions of these th
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Specific factors Impact of HIV/AIDS
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Portugal X X Romania X X X Russian
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Germany Italy Spain Lithuania Slova
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Italy (2%) and Russia (4) in 2008 (
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theory assumes perfect transferabil
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The data available suggest potentia
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This chapter deals with the migrati
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networks and on the major channels
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assumed here that emigration decisi
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Increases (respectively decreases)
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Figure II.1.2: The shape of H as a
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The optimal emigration rate that ca
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Figure II.1.4: Effects of the Level
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empirical investigation focuses on
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Table II.1.3.1: Country annual tren
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Table II.1.3.2: Country annual tren
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! ! C/D>)! 01::! 0103! 5881::7! E#%
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"#$%&'!()*)+!Eurostat Database Abou
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Using these parameter estimates, co
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different websites for different co
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the theoretical values of the relat
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p-value 0.33 0.03 t test 0.99 2.25
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The following set of graphs are the
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The countries with higher number of
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Turkey (m*=0.41, m**=0.77) Yemen (m
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periods but should be concerned abo
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health report “Comptes Nationaux
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In accordance with the health insur
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95 adults >15 years old per 100000
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To achieve progress in the health s
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The external problems comprise (1)
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first four hospital universities ex
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monitoring trends and economic fact
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Other support staff 6300 2.11 2004
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areas, the case of doctors who reti
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areas of Morocco. It is computed ye
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political instability, economic dep
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1. Gender VS Intention to Migrate A
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salaries differs according to the w
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Results The results are given below
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These results suggest that the numb
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Finally, the questionnaire records
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The past decades have witnessed an
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changed the notion of space, where
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implications on health, Huynen et a
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Figure III.1.3: Social stratificati
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Lee et al., (2007) primarily focus
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However, Collins (203) does recogni
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America. In Africa, where there are
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physicians from Liberia practice in
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Figure III.1.7: Migrant care worker
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espectively. An interesting particu
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Table III.1.5: Supply of foreign (-
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Table III.1.6: Health care wages in
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Figure II.1.11: Factors affecting h
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Figure III.1.12: Factors contributi
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Table III.1.10: International Quali
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health as integral to wellbeing thr
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III.2.1 Need for A cooperative Fram
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graduate spends of certain number o
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III.2.2 Migration of Medical Doctor
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The convexity condition is simply a
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• A payoff vector (ai)i S is said
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III.2.2.2 Discussion and Public Pol
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Europe. Second, in the North Africa
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In the short run, the country of or
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great incentive for medical student
Page 213 and 214: system, and therefore to the rest o
Page 215 and 216: MENA countries could be moving to p
Page 217 and 218: of their medical school. The other
Page 219 and 220: Beine, M., Docquier, F. & Rapoport,
Page 221 and 222: German Medical Association.(2011).
Page 223 and 224: World Bank Database, 2007. World Ba
Page 225 and 226: http://gse.buffalo.edu/org/inthighe
Page 227 and 228: Berland, Y. (2002). Demographie des
Page 229 and 230: Gericke, C.A. (2006). Finance healt
Page 231 and 232: Salehi-Isfahani, D., Tunali, I., As
Page 233 and 234: Beine, M., Docquier, F. & Rapoport,
Page 235 and 236: Docquier, F., Lohest, O. & Marfouk,
Page 237 and 238: Labdelaoui, H. (2010). Les dimensio
Page 239 and 240: Stark, O. (1991), The Migration of
Page 241 and 242: WHO - World Health Organization (20
Page 243 and 244: Linacre, S. (2007). “Migration: p
Page 245 and 246: Challenging Inequities in Health: F
Page 247 and 248: Mullan, F. (2007). Doctors and Socc
Page 249 and 250: Vujicic M, Zurn P, Diallo K, Dal Po
Page 251 and 252: Collins, T. (2003). Globalization,
Page 253 and 254: Kana, M.A., (2009). From Brain Drai
Page 255 and 256: Sagoe, K. (2004). Using the Diaspor
Page 257 and 258: Sub-part II.1: Appendix I Appendice
Page 259 and 260: means that So if , then: > which is
Page 261 and 262: A, B,C>0 and , , Then Demo 5: Sign
Page 263: t test 3.21788138 1.86856175 3.1713
Page 267 and 268: Romania Years m Relative wage H/H0
Page 269 and 270: MENA Countries Risk Neutral Model C
Page 271 and 272: Tunisia Turkey 1993 0.1781 2.50 1.9
Page 273 and 274: Syria Tunisia Turkey Yemen Stand.de
Page 275 and 276: Morocco Syria Tunisia t-stat (theor
Page 277 and 278: Risk aversion model summary table C
Page 279 and 280: Table II-2-1.2: Projections of the
Page 281 and 282: Observations 5 Coefficients Erreur-
Page 283 and 284: Figure 4: Age distribution within r
Page 285 and 286: Figure 11: Migration conditions dis
Page 287 and 288: ! "(&!
Page 289 and 290: ! "((!
Page 291 and 292: ! ")+!
Page 293 and 294: ! ")"!
Page 295 and 296: ! ")$!
Page 297: ! ")&!
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