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http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTINTERNATIONAL/Resources/1572846- 1253029981787/6437326-1253030075766/Moullan.pdf Nevidjon, B. & Erickson, J.I. (2006). The nursing shortage: Solutions for the short and long term in: Andrist, L.C., Nicholas, P.K., & Wolf (2006). A History of Nursing Ideas. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Qian, Y. (1994). A Theory of Shortage in Socialist Economies Based on the 'Soft Budget Constraint'. American Economic Review, 84(1), pp. 145-156. Rao, R. N., Kramer, M., Saunders, R., Twemlow, S., Lomax, J.W., Dewan, M.J., Myers, M.F., Goldberg, J., Cassimir, G., Kring, B. & Alami, O. (2005). An Annotated Bibliography of Professional Literature on International Medical Graduates. Academic Psychiatry, 31, 68-83. Schiff, M. (2005). Brain Gain: Claims About its Size and Impact on Welfare and Growth are Greatly Exaggerated. IZA DP No. 1599. Siddiqui, T. & Chowdhury A. (2003). Migrant Worker Remittances and Micro-Finance in Bangladesh. Social Finance Programme. Retrieved June 7th, 2011 from : https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/-- ed_emp/documents/publication/wcms_117970.pdf Sika, N. (2010). Highly-Skilled Migration Patterns and Development: The Case of Egypt. CARIM Analytic and Synthetic Notes 2010/17, Highly-Skilled Migration Series. Retrieved from http://cadmus.eui.eu/dspace/handle/1814/13454 Stark, O. (1991), The Migration of Labour, Basil Blackwell, Cambridge. Stark, O. & Bloom, D. (1985). The New Economics of Labor Migration”, American Economic Review, 75(2), 173-178. Stark, O. & Fan, C. S. (2007). Rural-to-Urban Migration, Human Capital, and Agglomeration. Center of Migration Research, No. 27/86. Stark, O., Casarico, A., Devillanova, C. & Uebelmesser, S. (2005). The New Economics of the Brain Drain: Mapping the Gains. Retrieved from: http://www.socialpolitik.de/tagungshps/2005/Papers/Casarico.pdf UNDP, Human Development Report (2005). International cooperation at a crossroads- Aid, trade and security in an unequal world. UNDP: Human Development Report (2009). US Health care costs. Kaiser Family foundation, 2010-2011 Edition, on the internet at http://www.kaiseredu.org/Issue-Modules/US-Health-Care-Costs/Background- Brief.aspx (visited June 08, 2011) ! ""*!
World Bank Database, 2007. World Bank Institute Database, 2007. World Bank (2005): Expenditure per student, tertiary (2005), WDI Time Series Indicators, The World Bank. Yazji-Yakoub, A. (2010). La migration hautement qualifiée en Syrie. Aspects juridiques. CARIM Analytic and Synthetic Notes 2010/20, Highly-Skilled Migration Series. Retrieved from http://cadmus.eui.eu/dspace/handle/1814/13674 References to I.2 Bamforth, Iain (1997). Life as an omnipraticien in France, British Medical Journal, 315: S2-7117. Retrieved from: http://www.bmj.com/content/315/7117/S2-7117.full Docquier, Frederic and Alok Bhagrava (2006). The Medical Brain Drain – A New Panel Data Set on Physicians’ Emigration Rates (1991-2004). Trade Team – Development Research Group ; International Migration and Development Program. DRESS – Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (2008). French Physicians Salaries; Ministry of Work, Employment and Health, France. Retrieved from: http://www.sante.gouv.fr/drees/ Driouchi, A., Baudassé, T., Zouag, N., & Boboc, C. (2009). New Economics of Skilled Labor Migration with Risk Aversion: A Theory and Preliminary Empirical Evidence. International Journal of Economics, 3(1). Driouchi, A., & Kadiri, M. (2010). Emigration of skilled labor under risk aversion: the case of medical doctors from Middle Eastern and North African economies; The Institute of Economic Analysis and Prospective Studies (IEAPS), Al Akhawayn University (AUI), 20 May. ILO – International Labor Organization (2011). http://laborsta.ilo.org/ INSEE - Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (2002). Médecins et assimilés, full-time employees, In World Salaries, General Physician Salaries: International comparison. Retrieved from: http://www.worldsalaries.org/generalphysician.shtml KevinMD.com – Social media’s leading physician voice (2008). Physician Salaries: Wold the French model work here? Retrieved from: http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2007/06/physician-salaries-would-french-model.html Malik, A., A., Yamamoto, S., S., Souares, A., Malik, Z., and Sauerborn, R. (2010). Motivational determinants among physicians in Lahore, Pakistan, BMC Health ! """!
Page 1 and 2:
F E M I S E R E S E A R C H P R O G
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What Can Be Learnt from the New Eco
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AMGA: American Medical Group Associ
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USA: United State of America WB: Wo
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medical doctors are then free to en
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elate to quality research and educa
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This may concern also EU countries
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discussed both in theory and practi
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EU are then described and discussed
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specialties. This study shows that
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with this trade. Special arrangemen
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into the developed countries; where
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them as follow: Cross-border delive
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In this regard, the EU is suggestin
Page 29 and 30:
Given the importance of health care
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Serbia. Low wages, poor working con
Page 33 and 34:
• How does tertiary education wit
Page 35 and 36:
Driouchi & Kadiri (2010) are promis
Page 37 and 38:
annual living costs per student. Th
Page 39 and 40:
Lithuania 4.12 4.15 4.01 4.03 3.97
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Egypt 67.57 68.86 70.17 71.52 72.89
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observed externally from developing
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Relative Wages : MIN MENA / By comp
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No future, Heavy workload, to save
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one-year qualification apprenticesh
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Other European Countries Austria 4
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one medical university and studies
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includes a three-year vocational tr
Page 57 and 58:
has 18 medical universities and stu
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général du Gouvernement to gradua
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of Medical Science, Bachelor of Med
Page 63 and 64:
Egypt Iran 29463 31445 32134 25990
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major policies and strategies relat
Page 67 and 68:
The aim of this sub-part is to prov
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• What is the role of mobility of
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Commonwealth of Independent states
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Dodani and LaPorte (2005) suggest t
Page 75 and 76:
In regards to the mobility of Europ
Page 77 and 78:
The general conclusions of these th
Page 79 and 80:
Specific factors Impact of HIV/AIDS
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Portugal X X Romania X X X Russian
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Germany Italy Spain Lithuania Slova
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Italy (2%) and Russia (4) in 2008 (
Page 87 and 88:
theory assumes perfect transferabil
Page 89 and 90:
The data available suggest potentia
Page 91 and 92:
This chapter deals with the migrati
Page 93 and 94:
networks and on the major channels
Page 95 and 96:
assumed here that emigration decisi
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Increases (respectively decreases)
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Figure II.1.2: The shape of H as a
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The optimal emigration rate that ca
Page 103 and 104:
Figure II.1.4: Effects of the Level
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empirical investigation focuses on
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Table II.1.3.1: Country annual tren
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Table II.1.3.2: Country annual tren
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! ! C/D>)! 01::! 0103! 5881::7! E#%
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"#$%&'!()*)+!Eurostat Database Abou
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Using these parameter estimates, co
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different websites for different co
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the theoretical values of the relat
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p-value 0.33 0.03 t test 0.99 2.25
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The following set of graphs are the
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The countries with higher number of
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Turkey (m*=0.41, m**=0.77) Yemen (m
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periods but should be concerned abo
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health report “Comptes Nationaux
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In accordance with the health insur
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95 adults >15 years old per 100000
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To achieve progress in the health s
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The external problems comprise (1)
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first four hospital universities ex
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monitoring trends and economic fact
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Other support staff 6300 2.11 2004
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areas, the case of doctors who reti
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areas of Morocco. It is computed ye
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political instability, economic dep
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1. Gender VS Intention to Migrate A
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salaries differs according to the w
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Results The results are given below
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These results suggest that the numb
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Finally, the questionnaire records
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The past decades have witnessed an
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changed the notion of space, where
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implications on health, Huynen et a
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Figure III.1.3: Social stratificati
Page 171 and 172: Lee et al., (2007) primarily focus
Page 173 and 174: However, Collins (203) does recogni
Page 175 and 176: America. In Africa, where there are
Page 177 and 178: physicians from Liberia practice in
Page 179 and 180: Figure III.1.7: Migrant care worker
Page 181 and 182: espectively. An interesting particu
Page 183 and 184: Table III.1.5: Supply of foreign (-
Page 185 and 186: Table III.1.6: Health care wages in
Page 187 and 188: Figure II.1.11: Factors affecting h
Page 189 and 190: Figure III.1.12: Factors contributi
Page 191 and 192: Table III.1.10: International Quali
Page 193 and 194: health as integral to wellbeing thr
Page 195 and 196: III.2.1 Need for A cooperative Fram
Page 197 and 198: graduate spends of certain number o
Page 199 and 200: III.2.2 Migration of Medical Doctor
Page 201 and 202: The convexity condition is simply a
Page 203 and 204: • A payoff vector (ai)i S is said
Page 205 and 206: III.2.2.2 Discussion and Public Pol
Page 207 and 208: Europe. Second, in the North Africa
Page 209 and 210: In the short run, the country of or
Page 211 and 212: great incentive for medical student
Page 213 and 214: system, and therefore to the rest o
Page 215 and 216: MENA countries could be moving to p
Page 217 and 218: of their medical school. The other
Page 219 and 220: Beine, M., Docquier, F. & Rapoport,
Page 221: German Medical Association.(2011).
Page 225 and 226: http://gse.buffalo.edu/org/inthighe
Page 227 and 228: Berland, Y. (2002). Demographie des
Page 229 and 230: Gericke, C.A. (2006). Finance healt
Page 231 and 232: Salehi-Isfahani, D., Tunali, I., As
Page 233 and 234: Beine, M., Docquier, F. & Rapoport,
Page 235 and 236: Docquier, F., Lohest, O. & Marfouk,
Page 237 and 238: Labdelaoui, H. (2010). Les dimensio
Page 239 and 240: Stark, O. (1991), The Migration of
Page 241 and 242: WHO - World Health Organization (20
Page 243 and 244: Linacre, S. (2007). “Migration: p
Page 245 and 246: Challenging Inequities in Health: F
Page 247 and 248: Mullan, F. (2007). Doctors and Socc
Page 249 and 250: Vujicic M, Zurn P, Diallo K, Dal Po
Page 251 and 252: Collins, T. (2003). Globalization,
Page 253 and 254: Kana, M.A., (2009). From Brain Drai
Page 255 and 256: Sagoe, K. (2004). Using the Diaspor
Page 257 and 258: Sub-part II.1: Appendix I Appendice
Page 259 and 260: means that So if , then: > which is
Page 261 and 262: A, B,C>0 and , , Then Demo 5: Sign
Page 263 and 264: t test 3.21788138 1.86856175 3.1713
Page 265 and 266: Lithuania Years m Relative wage H/H
Page 267 and 268: Romania Years m Relative wage H/H0
Page 269 and 270: MENA Countries Risk Neutral Model C
Page 271 and 272: Tunisia Turkey 1993 0.1781 2.50 1.9
Page 273 and 274:
Syria Tunisia Turkey Yemen Stand.de
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Morocco Syria Tunisia t-stat (theor
Page 277 and 278:
Risk aversion model summary table C
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Table II-2-1.2: Projections of the
Page 281 and 282:
Observations 5 Coefficients Erreur-
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Figure 4: Age distribution within r
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Figure 11: Migration conditions dis
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Page 297:
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