Kerala 2005 - of Planning Commission

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40 average. There were about 78 telephone connections in every sq. km area of the State in 2002-03. District-wise variations throw up a surprising result – low connectivity in Malappuram district which has the highest incidence of migration (Table 2.15). Kerala has had an edge over all-India in the number of post offices also. A number of favourable demand factors were at work behind the fast spread of post offices in Kerala, including emigration of Keralites to other parts of India and abroad, literary movements and spread of print media. It is significant to note that out of the 5,077 post offices in Kerala at present, as many as 4,197 are in rural areas. Kerala stands far above the all-India average, with 13 post offices per 100 sq. km of area. That is, every 7.7 sq. km of area in Kerala is now served by a post office, whereas it is 21 sq. km of area for one post office all-India. Along with this higher level of availability is an equally higher access level. On an average, one post office in Kerala serves 6,271 persons in an area of 7.7 sq. km against 6,568 persons in an area of 21 sq. km for all-India. 5. Concluding Observations This chapter has mainly confirmed what is well-known about Kerala’s development experience in certain nonincome dimensions of human well-being. Additionally, gender, rural-urban and inter-district disparities in the levels of achieved functionings display a pleasing divergence from the picture of group inequity, which obtains for much of the rest of the country; however, there are certain input indicators which display spatial inequalities. It must be stressed that not only must the achievements of human development be maintained at their current high levels, but additional preparedness should be forthcoming in order to tackle high levels of morbidity, undernourished children and the enhanced levels of dependency ratios caused by the trend of increasing life expectancy in the State. Resources must be found to maintain existing achievements and to meet emerging needs: The importance of raising incomes and alleviating income-related poverty cannot, therefore, be exaggerated. The next chapter addresses these issues.
CHAPTER 2 ASSESSING DEVELOPMENT: SOME NON- INCOME DIMENSIONS 41 Appendix Table A2.1: Anthropometric Indicators for Children Below 3 years by States in India (1998-99) States Weight-for-age Height-for-age Weight-for-height Percentage Below-3 SD Percentage Below-2 SD Percentage Below-3 SD Percentage Below-2 SD Percentage Below-3 SD Percentage Below-2 SD Andhra Pradesh 10.3 37.7 14.2 38.6 1.6 9.1 Assam 13.3 36.0 33.7 50.2 3.3 13.3 Bihar 25.5 54.4 33.6 53.7 5.5 21.0 Gujarat 16.2 45.1 23.3 43.6 2.4 16.2 Haryana 10.1 34.6 24.3 50.0 0.8 5.3 Himachal Pradesh 12.1 43.6 18.1 41.3 3.3 16.9 Jammu & Kashmir 8.3 34.5 17.3 38.8 1.2 11.8 Karnataka 16.5 43.9 15.9 36.6 3.9 20.0 Kerala 4.7 26.9 7.3 21.9 0.7 11.1 Madhya Pradesh 24.3 55.1 28.3 51.0 4.3 19.8 Maharashtra 17.6 49.6 14.1 39.9 2.5 21.2 Orissa 20.7 54.4 17.6 44.0 3.9 24.3 Punjab 8.8 28.7 17.2 39.2 0.8 7.1 Rajasthan 20.8 50.6 29.0 52.0 1.9 11.7 Tamil Nadu 10.6 36.7 12.0 29.4 3.8 19.9 Uttar Pradesh 21.9 51.7 31.0 55.5 2.1 11.1 West Bengal 16.3 48.7 19.2 41.5 1.6 13.6 India 18.0 47.0 23.0 45.5 2.8 15.5 Source: NFHS-II, 1998-99. Note: SD – Standard Deviation.
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Human Development Report 2005 KERAL
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ii © Copyright 2006 Government of
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iv Location of Kerala
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vi Foreword Kerala has achieved int
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viii Message I have immense pleasur
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x It was at the invitation of the K
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xii It should be noted that the CDS
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Page 24 and 25: xxii INCLEN International Clinical
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Page 34 and 35: 8 2. Present Day Kerala: A Profile
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CHAPTER 6 RECKONING PROMISE: KERALA
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CHAPTER 7 Reckoning Caution EDUCATE
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CHAPTER 7 RECKONING CAUTION: EDUCAT
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CHAPTER 8 Looking Ahead POSSIBILITI
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CHAPTER 8 LOOKING AHEAD: POSSIBILIT
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CHAPTER 9 Decentralised Governance
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CHAPTER 9 DECENTRALISED GOVERNANCE
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CHAPTER 10 By Way of Conclusion SUG
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CHAPTER 10 BY WAY OF CONCLUSION: SU
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TECHNICAL NOTE 169 An index has bee
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TECHNICAL NOTE 171 Table 3: Gender
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TECHNICAL NOTE 173 source is consid
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DISTRICT PROFILES 175 Kollam Indice
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DISTRICT PROFILES 177 Alappuzha Ind
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DISTRICT PROFILES 179 Idukki Indice
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DISTRICT PROFILES 181 Thrissur Indi
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DISTRICT PROFILES 183 Malappuram In
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DISTRICT PROFILES 185 Wayanad Indic
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DISTRICT PROFILES 187 Kasaragod Ind
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REFERENCES 189 Bloom, D. E. & Willi
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REFERENCES 191 Halliburton, Murphy
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REFERENCES 193 Keynes, J. M. (1930)
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REFERENCES 195 Nelson, Nici and Wri
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REFERENCES 197 Sen, A. (1999) Devel
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199 List of Background Papers Achin
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