2010 ilerleme raporu - Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı

multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-religious nature of the region. The Turkish President
visited Bosnia and Herzegovina in September.
In addition, high-level bilateral meetings were conducted with Albania, the former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo 33 , Montenegro and Serbia. The Turkish Prime Minister
visited Serbia in July 2010. The Serbia-Turkey free trade agreement came into force in
September 2010.
On 20 November, an agreement was signed to lift visa requirements for Albanian citizens
travelling to Turkey.
Relations with Bulgaria remained positive.
As regards the International Criminal Court (ICC), see Chapter 31 – Common foreign and
security policy.
3. ECONOMIC CRITERIA
In examining the economic developments in Turkey, the Commission’s approach was guided
by the conclusions of the European Council in Copenhagen in June 1993, which stated that
membership of the Union requires the existence of a functioning market economy and the
capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the Union.
3.1. The existence of a functioning market economy
Economic policy essentials
The Pre-Accession Economic Programme (PEP) submitted to the Commission in January
2010 adequately reflects needs and commitments to further reform. It draws largely on the
Medium-Term Plan (MTP) published in mid-2009. The government’s new MTP, due by
October 2010, should focus on the recovery conditions. The authorities largely adhered to the
economic policy principles as reflected in the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) Article IV
report. The fragmentation of responsibilities between government bodies, however, continues
to complicate coordination of budgeting and medium-term economic policy-making. Another
challenge that Turkey is facing is to lock in its future economic success and stability in a
consistent and comprehensive framework aimed at broader-based productivity growth and
higher labour market participation. Strong inflationary pressures and a rapidly growing
current account deficit have to be carefully monitored and addressed properly. Overall,
consensus on economic policy essentials has been preserved. However, confidence in the
government’s economic policy stance would benefit from better planning, coordination and
communication.
Macroeconomic stability
GDP contracted by about 5% in 2009, a sharp contrast to the 6% average annual growth rate
in the period 2004-08 and the growth of 0.7% in 2008. Turkey's GDP per inhabitant stands at
46% of the EU average. The global financial crisis hit the economy hard dramatically
reducing fixed investment and external demand. Fiscal and monetary stimulus measures,
combined with a healthy banking sector, helped cushion the blow. After a severe contraction
33
Under UNSCR 1244/1999.
EN 38 EN