2010 ilerleme raporu - Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı

accidents occurred in 2008, slightly less than in 2007. The numbers would be much higher if
the informal sector were included. There has been no progress regarding transposition of the
Framework Directive on health and safety at work. This is a major shortcoming for the
implementation of legislation already transposed. The capacity of the labour inspection board,
which is a priority in this area, continued to be strengthened through recruitment and training
of additional staff. However, the number of labour inspectors remains very low compared to
the size of the economy and the labour market 36 . Dramatic fatal occupational accidents in the
mining and quarrying sectors have raised concerns over enforcement of legislation as well as
the inspections carried out by public authorities 37 . Fatal ‘silicosis’ diseases caused by poor
working conditions in jeans sandblasting workshops continued to occur.
There has been some progress in the area of social dialogue, in particular in the public sector.
Amendments were made to the Constitution granting the right to collective bargaining and
collective agreements to civil servants and other public employees and making disciplinary
decisions against civil servants subject to judicial review. Amendments also included lifting
the ban on certain strikes 38 , removing the ban on membership of more than one trade union at
the same time and in the same branch of activity, and repealing the restriction to one
collective agreement at the same workplace for the same time. Furthermore, with the
constitutional amendments, the Economic and Social Council has become a constitutional
body, to be consulted by the government for policy making in the economic and social fields.
Furthermore, the Prime Minister’s Office issued a circular aiming to improve the situation of
civil servants, including facilitating the exercise of trade union rights in the public sector.
However, the legal framework to which the Constitution refers in view of regulating the rights
to negotiate, to organise collective actions for workers, employees and civil servants remains
restrictive and needs to be brought into line with EU standards and ILO Conventions. An ILO
high-level bipartite mission to Turkey consisting of the employers’ and workers’
spokespersons from the Committee on the application of standards was unable to note any
measurable progress towards the adoption of relevant legislation. The government has
attempted to address some key issues such as ensuring the right to freedom of association and
collective bargaining at workplace level in a new draft law on trade union rights in the private
sector, which failed to receive the support of the social partners. The number of workers
covered by collective labour agreements remains very low 39 . The work of the main social
dialogue mechanisms (Tripartite Consultative Board, Economic and Social Council) and the
capacity of social partners needs further strengthening. (See Political criteria — Labour rights
and trade unions). The constitutional amendment package did not introduce the right to strike
for civil servants.
There has been some progress on employment policy. Turkey is preparing its national
employment strategy. Job creation incentives announced in the midst of the financial crisis
were prolonged. There is a decreasing trend in unemployment compared to 2009. The Turkish
Employment Agency (ISKUR) kept up its efforts to register unemployed and deliver services
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The number of labour inspectors dealing with Health and safety issues is 314. The total number of
labour inspectors is 635, i.e; 7% more than last year. However, in the same period, the number of
people in employment increased by 1.5 million.
Big fatal accidents occurred in Bursa, Mustafakemalpaşa (19 deaths in December 2009), Balıkesir,
Odaköy (17 deaths in February 2010), Zonguldak, Karadon (30 deaths in May 2010), Edirne and Keşan
(3 deaths in July 2010).
Politically motivated strikes and lockouts, solidarity strikes and lockouts, general strikes and lockouts,
occupation of work premises, labour go-slows, reduced productivity and other forms of resistance.
The collective agreements concluded in 2008 and 2009 cover a total of 767,582 workers. The total
number of people in employment is around 23,5 million.
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