GEO Brasil - UNEP

2.1 Precedents: Rio 92 and Agenda 21 .................................... 225
2.2 Environmental Multilateral Agreements and Non-Binding
Instruments..........................................................................
225
2.2.1 For
orests and Biodiversity ..................................................... 226
2.2.2 Climatic Changes ................................................................ 226
2.2.3 Preservation of Humid Zones ............................................. 228
2.2.4 Hazardous Residues and Toxic Products
.......................... 228
2.2.5 Conservation of Marine Environment ................................229
3. Institutional Context and Legal Ordinance in the
EnvironmentalSector...........................................................
230
3.1 Legal and Institutional Ordainment ................................... 230
3.1.1 Decentralisation, Municipalisation and Globalisation......
232
3.2. Public Participation in Environmental Management.........
234
3.2.1 Environmental Education and Training
............................. 234
3.3 Management Tools
...............................................................235
3.3.1 Economic Tools for Environmental Management .............. 235
3.3.2 Industries and Clean Technologies
echnologies....................................
236
3.3.3 Public Investment and Environmental action....................
....................236
4 Sectorial Policy Responses and Activities ........................ 237
4.1 Biodiversity Responses
esponses.......................................................
238
4.1.1 Advances in legislation ....................................................... 238
4.1.2 Advances in Planning ........................................................240
4.1.3 Identifying priorities for the conservation ofbiodiversity 240
4.1.4 Incentives To Resear
esearch
....................................................... 241
4.1.5 Managing and Recovering Fauna Species .........................242
4.2 Soil .......................................................................................245
4.2.1 Main programmes...............................................................
...............................................................245
4.2.2 Response of the Agrarian Reform Policies and Actions .. 249
4.2.3 Positive Impacts from the Use of Direct Planting
in Brazil................................................................................
251
4.3 Subsoil ................................................................................. 251
4.3.1 Evolution in the Subsoil vs. Environment Relation in the
1992 to 2002 Period............................................................
251
4.3.2 Subsoil and Different Governmental Levels ...................... 252
4.3.3 Private Companies .............................................................. 254
4.4 Water resour
esources
.................................................................... 25
Superficial Waters
..................................................................................
254
4.4.1 Policies.................................................................................
256