GEO Brasil - UNEP

More documents

Recommendations

Info

the state of urban and industrial areas the state of the environment in Brazil 178
Map 3 - Migration balance 1986 - 1991 / 1991-1996 Sources: National Atlas of Brazil - IBGE - 2000 3 Industry and Urbanisation 31 Initial Stage The strong connection between urbanisation and industrialisation is a characteristic of processes of territorial, demographic and economic dynamics in the Brazilian history Within a 30-year period, the country shifted from an agrarian economy to a highly urbanised and industrialised one, with figures showing this transition During the 1970s – the most dynamic period – Brazil grew at an average annual rate of 86 percent, the industrial production grew at an average annual rate of 90 percent and the urban population as a share of the total population jumped from 44 percent to over 55 percent (Table 8) the state of the environment in Brazil Table 8 - Average annual growth rates of GDP, agriculture and industry, according to decade (in %). Decade GDP Agriculture Industry 1900/10 4.2 3 5.5 1910/20 4.2 3.8 6.2 1920/30 4.5 3.9 3.8 1930/40 4.4 2.4 7.5 1940/50 5.9 3.1 9 1950/60 7.4 4.4 9.1 1960/70 6.2 4.4 6.9 1970/80 8.6 4.7 9 1980/90 1.6 2.4 0.2 1990/96 2.8 4.1 2 1900/80 5.7 3.7 7.1 1900/96 5 3.6 6 Source: Bonneli & Gonçalves - 1998 This process brought about various effects over the natural environment – as a result of impacts on ecosystems during implementation of infrastructure and exploration of Natural Resources for industrialisation – and over cities – as a result of strong migratory flows and of the new dynamics associated to the establishment of economic activities in the area Natural differences were gradually replaced by socio-spatial differences as the Southeast and South Regions started to play a key role in the country’s industry Up until the early 1980’s, industrialisation reached all regions in the country During the period 1980-1995 changes in the country’s economic, social and physical spaces were consolidated 179
Page 1:
United Nations Environment Programm
Page 4 and 5:
IPEA Instituto de Pesquisas Econôm
Page 6 and 7:
GEO Brazil 2002- Brazil Environment
Page 8 and 9:
presentation of the Minister of Sta
Page 10 and 11:
UNEP Presentation Introduction to E
Page 12 and 13:
These are aspects that provide moti
Page 14 and 15:
Chapter 2 .........................
Page 16 and 17:
8.9 Habitat Loss and Biodiversity -
Page 18 and 19:
2.1 Precedents: Rio 92 and Agenda 2
Page 20 and 21:
Overview ..........................
Page 22 and 23:
list of pictures Chapter 1 Introduc
Page 24 and 25:
The state of forests Table 1 Natura
Page 26 and 27:
Table 8 Annual average growth rate
Page 28 and 29:
Figure 6 Indigenous lands likely to
Page 31 and 32:
introduction 1. IDENTITY AND TERRIT
Page 33 and 34:
The underlying principle guiding th
Page 35 and 36:
1.4. Report’s Structure and Conte
Page 37 and 38:
The ANNEXES in the end of this repo
Page 39 and 40:
2. Current Status and Perspectives
Page 41 and 42:
An interesting system to define pos
Page 43 and 44:
Some relevant aspects rise in the i
Page 45 and 46:
What has been proposed as a mechani
Page 47 and 48:
The second reason is the short term
Page 49 and 50:
A redesign of the institutional str
Page 51 and 52:
chapter 2 the state of the the stat
Page 53 and 54:
territorial dynamics and the enviro
Page 55 and 56:
cycle, which at its time was the mo
Page 57 and 58:
200 - 500 inhabitants - which in 19
Page 59 and 60:
This new environmental division of
Page 61 and 62:
Superior plants, despite betterclas
Page 63:
Figure 1-Proportion of taxons of or
Page 66 and 67:
the state of biodiversity the state
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
soil conditions the state of the en
Page 78 and 79:
soil conditions 12 Land potential u
Page 80:
soil conditions the state of the en
Page 83 and 84:
the Northeast In 1998, average farm
Page 85 and 86:
In ha Figure 4 - A verage area of h
Page 87 and 88:
A distance concept (in metres L 1 )
Page 89 and 90:
that, it may be a possible solution
Page 91 and 92:
m 3 in agricultural lands and 448 b
Page 93 and 94:
environmental availability (shallow
Page 95 and 96:
All and any human activity leads to
Page 97 and 98:
Figure 1 - Geologic units that are
Page 99 and 100:
Table 1 - Environmental Impacts on
Page 101 and 102:
Figure 3 - Impact of gold prospecti
Page 103 and 104:
23 Environmental Impacts resulting
Page 105 and 106:
the state of environment in Brazil
Page 107 and 108:
shortage in the Northeastern region
Page 109 and 110:
Chart 2 - P opulation s erved w ith
Page 111 and 112:
carried out as far as requests for
Page 113 and 114:
generation Hydro-electric generatio
Page 115 and 116:
the use of the soil do not exacerba
Page 117 and 118:
of water levels in water wells resu
Page 119 and 120:
Barreiras Group, sandy re-covering
Page 121 and 122:
consolidated The dominant aquifers
Page 123 and 124:
Thus, the volume produced by a well
Page 125 and 126:
is already understood that the cons
Page 127 and 128:
the state of forests Approximately
Page 129 and 130:
the 1960s, wood was really not a re
Page 131 and 132:
Programme for Vegetal Charcoal-Base
Page 133 and 134:
artefacts, it can reach up to US$15
Page 135 and 136:
of the subject- ranging from quanti
Page 137 and 138:
the state of the atmosphere The res
Page 139 and 140:
destructive substances The Vienna C
Page 141 and 142:
4 Brazil and the Climatic Change Co
Page 143 and 144:
effect gas emission than gasoline R
Page 145 and 146:
Thousand ha/year by satellite image
Page 147 and 148:
Brazilian marine and coastal enviro
Page 149 and 150:
) The gradual expansion of the city
Page 151 and 152:
Concerning the rubbish, 90 percent
Page 153 and 154:
5 Tourism Nowadays, tourism represe
Page 155 and 156: Criciúma, Imbituba and Tubarão pr
Page 157 and 158: the state of the environment in Bra
Page 161 and 162: The productivity of the North is hi
Page 163 and 164: quality of the post-larvae, and the
Page 165 and 166: level of sustainability Some have e
Page 167 and 168: activity was initiated in the late
Page 169 and 170: a tendency to decrease was observed
Page 171 and 172: presented at least two possible cau
Page 173 and 174: of the main marine fishing resource
Page 175 and 176: protozoans and helminths that can b
Page 177 and 178: c) Biological: dengue, yellow fever
Page 179 and 180: There is a great need for a governm
Page 183 and 184: The dry season, as a disaster, is r
Page 185 and 186: to cutting and burning forests for
Page 187 and 188: Hail causes great losses in agricul
Page 189 and 190: Accidents with Oil Spills The petro
Page 191 and 192: NORTH REGION The North covers nearl
Page 193 and 194: A lack of proper environmental awar
Page 195 and 196: SOUTHEAST REGION The Southeast Regi
Page 197 and 198: occurs in winter, and the minimum l
Page 201 and 202: growth rate and a slow down of this
Page 203 and 204: There were later relatively stable
Page 205: From that time on, demographic conc
Page 209 and 210: Table9-StructureoftheBrazilian indu
Page 211 and 212: 34 Industrialisation and Spatial Re
Page 213 and 214: obstacle to credit access and to of
Page 215 and 216: most important action, therefore, i
Page 217 and 218: In the Brazilian metropolitan regio
Page 219 and 220: activities are more concentrated an
Page 221 and 222: Another biomass power source adopte
Page 223 and 224: ecreational activity In addition to
Page 225 and 226: 115 Impact Indicators 1151 Health D
Page 227 and 228: US$325 million/year) This amount is
Page 229 and 230: Regarding the historical perspectiv
Page 231 and 232: In 1999, homicides ranked first in
Page 233 and 234: 123 Infectious and parasitic diseas
Page 235 and 236: The state of health and the environ
Page 237 and 238: The state of health and the environ
Page 239 and 240: eassessment by North American healt
Page 241 and 242: indicating the organisms were alrea
Page 243 and 244: 125Atmospheric Pollution Atmospheri
Page 245 and 246: Every year, landslides during heavy
Page 247 and 248: chapter 3 policies feedback
Page 249 and 250: policies feedback 1. Inheritance an
Page 251 and 252: However, CCZEE limited itself to im
Page 253 and 254: 2. International Agreements Resulti
Page 255 and 256: policies feedback 227
Page 257 and 258:
During recent years a few legal tex
Page 259 and 260:
policies feedback 231
Page 261 and 262:
Within the decentralisation issue l
Page 263 and 264:
Because of these actions, concern f
Page 265 and 266:
4. Sectorial Policy Responses and A
Page 267 and 268:
criteria for the creation and manag
Page 269 and 270:
Pantanal areas (www.bdt. fat.org.br
Page 271 and 272:
populations, the maintenance of the
Page 273 and 274:
4.2. Soil Governmental actions that
Page 275 and 276:
a) To run a trend and stateanalysis
Page 277 and 278:
as propellants for their aerosol sy
Page 279 and 280:
4.2.3. Positive Impacts from the Us
Page 281 and 282:
and São Paulo), or by elaborating
Page 283 and 284:
possibilities of their use should b
Page 285 and 286:
charging on productive processes as
Page 287 and 288:
In general, the instituted model is
Page 289 and 290:
4.4.5. Regulation It is demonstrate
Page 291 and 292:
Parallel to the investigation effor
Page 293 and 294:
monitoring and controlling forest u
Page 295 and 296:
However, there are important knowle
Page 297 and 298:
This total of 34.65 MtCO 2, during
Page 299 and 300:
a) labelling programmeme to inform
Page 301 and 302:
4.6.4. Specific Actions to Combat A
Page 303 and 304:
4.7 Coastal and Sea Areas One of th
Page 305 and 306:
4.8. Fishing The first aspect to be
Page 307 and 308:
e) Creation of CEPED agencies - Aca
Page 309 and 310:
Again, institutionally, a Secretary
Page 311 and 312:
dissatisfaction by 50 per cent, by
Page 313 and 314:
Urban environmental management also
Page 315 and 316:
Despite being FUNASA’s direct res
Page 317 and 318:
5. Challenges The government’s pr
Page 319:
progressive lead Brazil towards the
Page 323 and 324:
environmental management Overview C
Page 325 and 326:
1. The Continuation of Environmenta
Page 327 and 328:
Itajaí, and Florianópolis (SC), i
Page 329 and 330:
Deforestation and cattle raising fo
Page 331 and 332:
In the Pantanal Complex, native veg
Page 333 and 334:
environmental management 305
Page 335 and 336:
Chart 1-TrendScenario - Pressurre-I
Page 337 and 338:
With regard to the plan for financi
Page 339 and 340:
c) policies or actions that are not
Page 341 and 342:
Desired Scenario - Impact-Response
Page 343 and 344:
Table 1 - Deforestation expected al
Page 345:
chapter 5 recommendations 317
Page 348 and 349:
ecommendations decisive in the cons
Page 350 and 351:
ecommendations d) Inter relationshi
Page 352 and 353:
ecommendations c) that the governme
Page 354 and 355:
6.6 Scenarios 6.7. Biodiversity and
Page 356 and 357:
ecommendations 7.1. To reinfor einf
Page 358 and 359:
ecommendations 8.3. Vulnerability a
Page 361:
annexes es
Page 364 and 365:
GEO Report - Statistical Annex - Me
Page 366 and 367:
annex 1 - statistics - metadata ann
Page 368 and 369:
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
annex 1 - statistics - metadata Sou
Page 376 and 377:
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382 and 383:
annex 1 - statistics -metadata anne
Page 384 and 385:
Page 386 and 387:
Page 388 and 389:
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
Page 394 and 395:
annex 1 - statistics -metadata B.7.
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
A. Socioeconomic and cultural facto
Page 404 and 405:
A. State of the Environment and Tre
Page 406 and 407:
B. Socioeconomic and Cultural Facto
Page 408 and 409:
B. Socioeconomic and Cultural Facto
Page 410 and 411:
annex 2 - main economic and environ
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
Page 416 and 417:
annex x 3 - biodiversity annex 3 Th
Page 418 and 419:
annex 3 - biodiversity anexo 3 The
Page 420 and 421:
annex 3 - biodiversity annex 3 The
Page 422 and 423:
annex 3 - biodiversity annex 3 394
Page 424 and 425:
anexo 3 - biodiversity annex 3 396
Page 426 and 427:
annex 4 - compilation of brazilian
Page 428 and 429:
anexo 4 3. BIODIVERSITY LAW 5.197 0
Page 430 and 431:
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
anexo 4 DECREE 03/22/1997 Regulates
Page 440 and 441:
colaboradores anexo 2 FIOCRUZ - Fun
Page 442 and 443:
ibliografia ASSOCIAÇÃO NACIONAL D
Page 444 and 445:
ibliografia _____. Governo do Brasi
Page 446 and 447:
ibliografia CASTAGNOLLI, N. Aquicul
Page 448 and 449:
ibliografia _____. (2002a).Centro N
Page 450 and 451:
ibliografia EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE P
Page 452 and 453:
ibliografia FUNDAÇÃO SOS MATA ATL
Page 454 and 455:
ibliografia _____. Recursos pesquei
Page 456 and 457:
ibliografia KAGEYAMA P.Y. SOUZA L.M
Page 458 and 459:
ibliografia MACHADO, G.V. Estimativ
Page 460 and 461:
ibliografia _____.; Secretaria Espe
Page 462 and 463:
ibliografia PARANÁ. Casa Civil - C
Page 464 and 465:
ibliografia REDE INTRAGERENCIAL DE
Page 466 and 467:
ibliografia SANTOS, J. R., T. KRUG,
Page 468 and 469:
ibliografia TRAFFIC. 2000. El merca
Page 470 and 471:
glossary y of the acronyms glossary
Page 472 and 473:
CESP - Companhia Energética de Sã
Page 474 and 475:
IPT - Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnol
Page 476 and 477:
REVIZEE - Programa de Avaliação d
show all

GEO Brasil - UNEP

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?