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In this context, the Ministry of the Environment and IBAMA
have been carrying out a series of studies and implementing
actions regarding public forests since 1997. These studies
and actions involve issues related to economy, management
and exploitation – particularly that of National Forests – as
well as those related to legal aspects of private access to
natural resources of these forests. Currently, IBAMA and
MMA are concluding a cycle of seminars in the five Brazilian
regions to discuss a proposal for the regulation of forest
concessions. Once consultation is concluded, the most
appropriate legal form will be given to the proposal for the
necessary formal procedures.
In April 2000 the National Forest programmeme (PNF –
programmea National de Florestas) was officially launched
as part of a group of priority programmes of the Federal
Government. PNF permitted a budget guarantee for the
forestry sector by the Ministry of Planning, Budget and
Management, in the sphere of the Pluriannual Budget
programmeme. PNF is programmemed to develop actions
and offer responses in the areas of reforestation This is
being done in support of the increase in the planted forest
basis; recovery of degraded areas; increase of protected
areas and use of wood resources of national forests; and
monitoring and control of forest cover.
4.5.2. National Forest programmeme
The National Forest programmeme was created by Decree
3420, of April 20, 2000. Its mission is to promote sustainable
forestry development, conciliate exploitation with
ecosystem protection, as well as to make the forestry policy
compatible with other government public policies (Leitão
et al 2002). One of the programmeme’s objectives is to
promote reforestation, recover permanent protection areas,
repress illegal deforestation and predatory extraction of
forestry resources, and prevent forest fires. Such activities
contribute significantly for in situ conservation. The
programmeme, however, is still very incipient.
In the area of international co-operation, Brazil has many
agreements with the objective of protecting forests,
particularly the Amazon and Atlantic tropical forests.
Among these agreements, the most relevant are the
Amazon Co-operation Treaty (TCA), the Objectives 2000
Agreement of the International Tropical Timber
Organisation (ITTO) and the Pilot programmeme for the
Protection of Tropical Forests (PP-G7). In relation to TCT,
Brazil has outlined strategies and pursued collective actions
with other Treaty signatory countries with the objective of
IBAMA’s Centre for Remote Sensoring monitors
deforestation areas distinctly defined by period in the
Amazon region, specially in the Deforestation Belt,
which covers the States of Acre, Rondônia, Mato
Grosso (North), Pará (South), Tocantins, Maranhão
(West) and Amazonas (South). The databank is
periodically updated with the geographic coordinates
for every deforestated area studied in terms of area in
hectares. The databank is developed by means of
comparisons of images for a specific area that are
obtained through the Landsat-TM satellite for
consecutive years. This monitoring allows inspectors
to act directly in the deforested areas, thus increasing
inspection efficiency, the application of penalties and
the evaluation of the real dimension and reach of the
deforested areas. Information on images of deforested
areas by state, municipality, size class, geographic
coordinates with geo-references and statistics are
available at http://www2.ibama.gov.br/desmata/
index.htm
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