Gas Turbine Handbook : Principles and Practices

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104 Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices References 1. “The Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine And Its Operation,” Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, Division of United Technology, PWA Oper Instr 200. 2. “Sawyers Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook,” Vol III, Third Edition, 1985. 3. “API 614 Second Edition,” January 1984, Lubrication, Shaft Sealing, and Control-Oil Systems for Special-Purpose Applications. 4. “ARAMCO Lubrication Manual,” July 1972.
Parameter Characteristics 105 Chapter 7 Parameter Characteristics In controlling, monitoring, or analyzing gas turbines the basic objective is to maximize performance, reduce maintenance, and reduce unit downtime. To accomplish this, the indicators of gas turbine health (or condition) must be identified and understood. In general, a gas turbine may be viewed as consisting of accessory equipment (controls, lube oil pumps, ignition system, etc.), rotational mechanical equipment (rotor bearings), and thermodynamic gas path elements (gas containment path, compressor, combustor, and turbines). A controlling or monitoring system must pay attention to the three areas of the gas turbine system: • The thermodynamic gas path • Vibrations of bearings, rotors, and gearboxes • Lubrication, control, and other accessory subsystems Furthermore, the information gathered from these three areas may often be used in a cross complementary fashion to verify diagnoses and more precisely isolate faults. Table 7-1 shows the key engine parameters and their symbols used in controlling, monitoring and analyzing gas turbine operation. VIBRATION Every piece of equipment, regardless of size or configuration, has a natural or resonant frequency. Gas turbines are no exception. If the resonant frequency is below the operating frequency or speed, the unit is considered to have a flexible shaft. If the resonant frequency is above the operating speed, the unit is said to have a stiff shaft. Almost all gas turbines are considered to have a flexible shaft; that is, the normal op- 105
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Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles an
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Dedication This book is dedicated t
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Contents PREFACE ..................
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Chapter 13—BOROSCOPE INSPECTION .
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Preface to the Third Edition The ne
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Acknowledgments I wish to thank the
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Figure 2-3. Courtesy of United Tech
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Appendix A-2 304 Gas Turbine Handbo
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5. Weather Hood Material __________
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Appendix C-6 Air/Oil Cooler Specifi
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9. Drive Requirements A. Hydraulic
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22. Packaging For Shipment Per Spec
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Parameters Units NH 3 CO H 2 CH 4 C
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.055 Parameters Units 1/0 .88/.12 .
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Gas Turbine Handbook : Principles and Practices

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