Gas Turbine Handbook : Principles and Practices

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166 Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices SUMMARY The complexity of combustion turbine systems and their ancillary equipment generally require an acoustical engineer well experienced with such systems to fully analyze the acoustical emissions and make a determination whether the expected sound levels meet regulatory requirements, are in balance with the environment or community, or need some level of noise mitigation. Another element of these packages is the ease to upgrade and/or relocate units to new sites. It is strongly advised to investigate the potential environmental noise (as well as regulatory) impact of installing these units as part of the search process before committing to installing units at a particular site. Particular attention must also be paid to regulatory agencies if upgrading or modifying existing combustion turbines particularly the exhaust system as this may impact existing air permitting ( EPA exhaust emissions) and/or other regulations that may become applicable in such cases. References 1. George F. Hessler, Jr. “Controlling noise impact in the community from power plant operations—recommendations for ambient measurements,” Noise Control Engineering Journal Vol. 48, No. 5, 141-150 (2000) 2. George F. Hessler, “Beware low-frequency gas-turbine noise,” POWER magazine, pp 78-80, July/August 2001 3. Bruce E. Walker, Alan S. Hersh, et al., “Active Control of Low Frequency Turbine Exhaust Noise,” Proc. NOISE CON 2000, 3- 5 Dec. 2000, edited by John Van Houten (The Institute of Noise Control Engineering of the U.S.A. Inc. Washington, DC, 2000), 4. Lisa A. Beeson and George A. Schott, “ Low Frequency Noise Considerations for Combustion Turbine Projects,” Proc. International Gas Turbine & Aeroengine Congress & Exhibition, 2-5 June 1997, (ASME, NY 1997) 5. Acoustics—Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors— Part 2: General method of calculation, International Standard, ISO 9613-2 (© ISO 1996) 6. Gas Turbine Installation Sound Emissions, American National Standards Institute, ANSI B133.8—1977 (R2001) (American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME, 2001)
Gas Turbine Acoustics and Noise Control 167 7. Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound—Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land Use, American National Standards Institute, ANSI S12.9-1998/Part 5, (Acoustical Society of America, 1998) 8. “Public Health and Welfare Criteria for Noise,” U.S. EPA Report 550/9-73-002, (July 27, 1973) 9. “Information On Levels Of Environmental Noise Requisite To Protect Public Health And Welfare With An Adequate Margin Of Safety,” U.S. EPA Report 550/9-74-004, (March, 1974) 10. “Guidelines for Community Noise,” World Health Organization, 20, Avenue Appia, CH 1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland (1999) 11. Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook—Part III, Thermal Power—Guidelines for New Plants, World Bank Group, September 1, 1997 12. General Industry Standards, U.S. code of federal regulations (CFR), Title 29 Part 1910 Section 95, Occupational Noise Exposure 13. Anthony G. Galaitsis and Istan L. Ver, “Passive Silencers and Lined Ducts,” Chapt. 10 in Noise and Vibration Control Engineering-Principals and Applications, edited by Leo L. Beranek and Istan L. Ver (Wiley, New York, 1992) 14. Standard Test Method for Measuring Acoustical and Airflow Performance of Duct Liner Materials and Prefabricated Silencers, American Society For Testing Materials, ASTM E 477—90 15. Standard Test Method for Airflow Resistance of Acoustical Materials, American Society For Testing Materials, ASTM C522—1987 (R1993) 16. Ben H. Sharp, “Prediction Methods for Sound Transmission of Building Elements,” Noise Control Eng. J. 11(2), 1978 17. Istan L. Ver, “Interaction of Sound Waves with Solid Structures,” Chapt. 9 in Noise and Vibration Control Engineering-Principals and Applications, edited by Leo L. Beranek and Istan L. Ver (Wiley, New York, 1992) 18. Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions, American Society For Testing Materials, ASTM E 90—1987
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Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles an
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Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles an
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Dedication This book is dedicated t
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Contents PREFACE ..................
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Chapter 13—BOROSCOPE INSPECTION .
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Preface to the Third Edition The ne
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Acknowledgments I wish to thank the
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Appendix A-2 304 Gas Turbine Handbo
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5. Weather Hood Material __________
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Appendix C-6 Air/Oil Cooler Specifi
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9. Drive Requirements A. Hydraulic
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22. Packaging For Shipment Per Spec
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Parameters Units NH 3 CO H 2 CH 4 C
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.055 Parameters Units 1/0 .88/.12 .
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Koppers Foster Blue Coal Gas Winkle
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