Gas Turbine Handbook : Principles and Practices

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252 Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices Figure 15-2. REFINERY PROCESSES The Corinth Motor Oil Refinery The Motor Oil Refinery is located near Corinth, about one-hour drive north of Athens along the coast. The refinery was installed in 1972. It is a medium size refinery complex with sophisticated conversion units (i.e., fluid catalytic cracking, alkylation, isomerization, lube oil processing units), and the traditional distillation, reforming and hydrotreating units. Presently, the refinery processes 7,500,000 tons of crude oil per year, and produces 150,000 tons/year of lubrication oil.
Case Study #2 253 The Motor Oil Refinery decided to install its own in-plant cogeneration plant in early 1980’s with the following objectives: 1. Energy conservation by utilizing the refinery flare gas (11,000 ton/year); 2. Increase refinery productivity by avoiding the costly process shut-downs due to interruption of electrical power supply; 3. Increase refinery process steam availability and reliability by utilizing the gas turbine exhaust energy; 4. Reduce refinery operating costs; 5. Reduce refinery pollution. In 1985, the refinery cogeneration plant, consisting of two ABB STAL GT35 Gas Turbine-Generator units, was placed in commercial operation. The two gas turbines exhaust into a single two pressure Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) with supplementary firing capability. The combined electrical output of the two units is 27 MW and a total 52 tons/hr of high pressure steam for power generation and 16 tons/hr of low pressure process steam for refinery purposes. The primary combustion fuel is refinery flare gas originating from different refinery process streams as waste by-products. It consists essentially of propane and butane in varying proportions ranging from 60% to 100% propane, and 40% to 0% butane by volume. This by-product flare gas also contains a varying concentration of H 2 S, up to a maximum of 10,000 ppm. 20-25 ppm of H 2 S concentration is considered a highly corrosive environment for gas turbine application. Because the GT35 operates at a low hot blade path temperature profile (exhaust temperature of 710°F) which is below the melting point of sulfur, it is not affected by the high temperature corrosion phenomenon; thus making it an ideal machine for refinery flare gas application. The flare gas varies in qualities, pressures and temperatures. Its heating value approximates that of natural gas, i.e. 1,145 Btu/scf. The cogen plant back-up fuel is gasified LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) with a heating value of 2,500 Btu/scf. To use this flare gas for gas turbine combustion, it is initially de-slugged by a liquid trap which separate the liquid phase from the gas stream. It is then processed through a low pressure compressor. The condensates from the compressed fuel gas is further removed by
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Dedication This book is dedicated t
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Contents PREFACE ..................
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Chapter 13—BOROSCOPE INSPECTION .
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Preface to the Third Edition The ne
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Acknowledgments I wish to thank the
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2 Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles
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Figure 2-3. Courtesy of United Tech
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100 Gas Turbine Handbook: Principle
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Chart 8-1 Gas Turbine Environments
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Appendix A-2 304 Gas Turbine Handbo
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5. Weather Hood Material __________
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Appendix C-6 Air/Oil Cooler Specifi
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9. Drive Requirements A. Hydraulic
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22. Packaging For Shipment Per Spec
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Parameters Units NH 3 CO H 2 CH 4 C
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.055 Parameters Units 1/0 .88/.12 .
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Koppers Foster Blue Coal Gas Winkle
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